How to format your references using the European Journal of Population citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Population. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Finlay, B. B. (2001). Microbiology. Cracking Listeria’s password. Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5522), 1665–1667.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lee, J.-H., & Kim, C. F. (2014). Developmental biology. Mesenchymal progenitor panoply. Science (New York, N.Y.), 346(6211), 810–811.

A journal article with 3 authors

Maduwage, K., O’Leary, M. A., & Isbister, G. K. (2014). Diagnosis of snake envenomation using a simple phospholipase A2 assay. Scientific reports, 4, 4827.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhang, J., Tian, D., Lin, R., Zhou, G., Peng, G., & Su, M. (2014). Phase-contrast X-ray CT imaging of esophagus and esophageal carcinoma. Scientific reports, 4, 5332.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

German Geotechnical Society. (2012). Recommendations for Design and Analysis of Earth Structures using Geosynthetic Reinforcements - EBGEO. Berlin, Germany: Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG.

An edited book

Zia, A. I. (2016). Electrochemical Sensing: Carcinogens in Beverages. (S. C. Mukhopadhyay, Ed.) (Vol. 20). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Mazlan, D., & Abdul Awal, A. S. M. (2014). Mechanical Properties of Cement Composites Incorporating Oil Palm Stem Fiber. In R. Hassan, M. Yusoff, Z. Ismail, N. M. Amin, & M. A. Fadzil (Eds.), InCIEC 2013: Proceedings of the International Civil and Infrastructure Engineering Conference 2013 (pp. 51–60). Singapore: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Population.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2016, November 24). Scientists Prank Monkeys With Fake Poop For Real Research. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-prank-monkeys-with-fake-poop-for-real-research/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Inspectors General: Actions Needed to Improve Audit Coverage of NASA (No. GAO-09-88). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Leonard, J. M. (2001). The Effect of Manufacturing Establishments on Local Area per Capita Personal Income in the U.S. 1967-1990 (Doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. (2012, June 3). Dallas Has Its Own Indie Film Scene, and a Festival. New York Times, p. A25B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Finlay 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Finlay 2001; Lee and Kim 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lee and Kim 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Population
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Popul.
ISSN (print)	0168-6577
ISSN (online)	1572-9885
Scope	Demography