How to format your references using the European Journal of Information Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Information Systems (EJIS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

TURNER W (2014) Conservation. Sensing biodiversity. Science (New York, N.Y.) 346(6207), 301–302.

A journal article with 2 authors

JOHN B and HUNTER CA (2008) Immunology. Neutrophil soldiers or Trojan Horses? Science (New York, N.Y.) 321(5891), 917–918.

A journal article with 3 authors

LECUN Y, BENGIO Y and HINTON G (2015) Deep learning. Nature 521(7553), 436–444.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

CHRISTOPHOROU MA, RINGSHAUSEN I, FINCH AJ, SWIGART LB and EVAN GI (2006) The pathological response to DNA damage does not contribute to p53-mediated tumour suppression. Nature 443(7108), 214–217.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

SMITH JDH and ROMANOWSKA AB (1999) Post-Modern Algebra. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

SICILIA M-A, KOP C and SARTORI F (eds) (2010) Ontology, Conceptualization and Epistemology for Information Systems, Software Engineering and Service Science: 4th International Workshop, ONTOSE 2010, held at CAiSE 2010, Hammamet, Tunisia, June 7-8, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

KIM HJ, SHIM JC, KIM H-S, CHO KS and CHOI SG (2010) An Active Queue Management for QoS Guarantee of the High Priority Service Class. In Communication and Networking: International Conference, FGCN 2010, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2010, Jeju Island, Korea, December 13-15, 2010. Proceedings, Part I (Kim T-H, Chang AC-C, Li M, Rong C, Patrikakis CZ, & Ślęzak D, Eds), Communications in Computer and Information Science. pp 37–45, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Information Systems.

Blog post

ANDREW E (2014) Huge Fossilized Tooth From Ancient Predator Described. [Online] Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/huge-fossilized-tooth-ancient-predator-described/ (accessed 30/10/18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE (1995) International Aviation: DOT Needs Better Data for Monitoring and Decisionmaking. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

WEN J (2012) Moving office document processing into the cloud. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

DE LA MERCED MJ (2017) Dole Seeking To Go Public With Shares Once More. New York Times, B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Turner, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (John & Hunter, 2008; Turner, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (John & Hunter, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Christophorou et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Information Systems
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Inf. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0960-085X
ISSN (online)	1476-9344
Scope	Information Systems Library and Information Sciences