How to format your references using the European Journal of Information Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Information Systems (EJIS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

ROMANOWICZ B (2008) Using seismic waves to image Earth’s internal structure. Nature 451(7176), 266–268.

A journal article with 2 authors

BETHELL T and BERGIN E (2009) Formation and survival of water vapor in the terrestrial planet-forming region. Science (New York, N.Y.) 326(5960), 1675–1677.

A journal article with 3 authors

WALDEN H, PODGORSKI MS and SCHULMAN BA (2003) Insights into the ubiquitin transfer cascade from the structure of the activating enzyme for NEDD8. Nature 422(6929), 330–334.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

TEMIROV R, SOUBATCH S, LUICAN A and TAUTZ FS (2006) Free-electron-like dispersion in an organic monolayer film on a metal substrate. Nature 444(7117), 350–353.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

WESTERMEIER R (2004) Electrophoresis in Practice. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG.

An edited book

ENOKIDO T, YAN L, XIAO B, KIM D, DAI Y and YANG LT (eds) (2005) Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing – EUC 2005 Workshops: EUC 2005 Workshops: UISW, NCUS, SecUbiq, USN, and TAUES, Nagasaki, Japan, December 6-9, 2005. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

LEE LF, SIDHU GK and CHAN YF (2015) A Sociocultural Perspective of Factors Influencing Academic Writing from School to Postsecondary Education. In Taylor’s 7th Teaching and Learning Conference 2014 Proceedings: Holistic Education: Enacting Change (Tang SF & Logonnathan L, Eds), pp 39–54, Springer, Singapore.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Information Systems.

Blog post

ANDREW E (2015) Explainer: What Is A Superconductor? [Online] Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/explainer-what-superconductor/ (accessed 30/10/18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE (2016) Polar Weather Satellites: NOAA Is Working to Ensure Continuity but Needs to Quickly Address Information Security Weaknesses and Future Program Uncertainties. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

LEAK SC (2010) Building community capacity to meet the needs of our aging society: Interdisciplinary competency development for professionals. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

LYALL S (2014) Olympic Fears Rattle Athletes and Families. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Romanowicz, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Romanowicz, 2008; Bethell & Bergin, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bethell & Bergin, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Temirov et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Information Systems
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Inf. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0960-085X
ISSN (online)	1476-9344
Scope	Information Systems Library and Information Sciences