How to format your references using the European Journal of Forest Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Forest Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fairclough S (2014) Physiological data must remain confidential. Nature 505:263

A journal article with 2 authors

Druzd D, Scheiermann C (2013) Immunology. Some monocytes got rhythm. Science 341:1462–1464

A journal article with 3 authors

Di Toro G, Nielsen S, Pennacchioni G (2005) Earthquake rupture dynamics frozen in exhumed ancient faults. Nature 436:1009–1012

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Bibby TS, Mary I, Nield J, et al (2003) Low-light-adapted Prochlorococcus species possess specific antennae for each photosystem. Nature 424:1051–1054

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Holmes JD (2016) Great Myths of Education and Learning. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Hovelsrud GK, Smit B (eds) (2010) Community Adaptation and Vulnerability in Arctic Regions. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Flierl MA, Beauchamp KM, Dwyer A, Stahel PF (2010) Immunological Response to Spinal Cord Injury: Impact on the Timing of Spine Fixation. In: Patel VV, Burger E, Brown CW (eds) Spine Trauma: Surgical Techniques. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 73–83

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Forest Research.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) World’s Fastest Camera Takes 4.4 TRILLION Frames Per Second. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/worlds-fastest-camera-takes-44-trillion-frames-second/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2002) Social Security Numbers: SSNs Are Widely Used by Government and Could Be Better Protected. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson JM (2013) Service learning: Providing the building blocks for a socially responsible nursing role. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly DA (2005) Fun if by Land and Fun if by Sea. New York Times 512

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fairclough 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Druzd and Scheiermann 2013; Fairclough 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Druzd and Scheiermann 2013)
Three or more authors: (Bibby et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Forest Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. For. Res.
ISSN (print)	1612-4669
ISSN (online)	1612-4677
Scope	Forestry Plant Science