How to format your references using the European Addiction Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Addiction Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rakic P. Neuroscience. Genetic control of cortical convolutions. Science. 2004 Mar;303(5666):1983–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sil S, Umapathy S. Raman spectroscopy explores molecular structural signatures of hidden materials in depth: Universal Multiple Angle Raman Spectroscopy. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun;4:5308.

A journal article with 3 authors

Scarano F, Guimarães A, da Silva JM. Rio+20: Lead by example. Nature. 2012 Jun;486(7401):25–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chu L, Schmidt H, Pu J, Wang S, Ozyilmaz B, Takenobu T, et al. Charge transport in ion-gated mono-, bi-, and trilayer MoS2 field effect transistors. Sci Rep. 2014 Dec;4:7293.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zarbock G, Lynch S, Ammann A, Ringer S. Mindfulness for Therapists. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Vahrenhold J, editor. Experimental Algorithms: 8th International Symposium, SEA 2009, Dortmund, Germany, June 4-6, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Kellerman H, Burry A. Reality Testing and Cognitive Functioning. In: Kellerman H, Burry A, editors. Handbook of Psychodiagnostic Testing: Analysis of Personality in the Psychological Report. New York, NY: Springer; 2007; pp 33–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Addiction Research.

Blog post

Davis J. Tallest Tree In The Tropics Found In The Remote Malaysian Rainforest [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 Jun [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/tallest-tree-in-the-tropics-found-in-the-remote-malaysian-rainforest/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Civil Agencies Information Systems Issue Area: Active Assignments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Burchman EK. A dialogue on improvisation, space and melody: Larry Koonse’s approach to improvisation. 2014

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Clarey C. Halep Puts Up a Fight, but Williams Rolls On. New York Times. 2016 Sep;B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Addiction Research
Abbreviation	Eur. Addict. Res.
ISSN (print)	1022-6877
ISSN (online)	1421-9891
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) Psychiatry and Mental health Health(social science)