How to format your references using the Ethnobiology Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ethnobiology Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butler, D. 2005. Parasitology: Triple Genome Triumph. Nature 436:337.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bouchon, M., and H. Karabulut. 2008. The Aftershock Signature of Supershear Earthquakes. Science (New York, N.Y.) 320:1323–1325.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shah, A. K., S. Mullainathan, and E. Shafir. 2012. Some Consequences of Having Too Little. Science (New York, N.Y.) 338:682–685.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Lederle, A., B. Su, V. Holl, J. Penichon, S. Schmidt, T. Decoville, G. Laumond, and C. Moog. 2014. Neutralizing Antibodies Inhibit HIV-1 Infection of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by an FcγRIIa Independent Mechanism and Do Not Diminish Cytokines Production. Scientific reports 4:5845.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Richter, D. H. 2017. Reading the Eighteenth-Century Novel. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Mishra, R. S., M. W. Mahoney, Y. Sato, and Y. Hovanski, eds. 2016. Friction Stir Welding and Processing VIII. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Trillas, F. 2015. Fuzzy Logic and Modern Economics. In Towards the Future of Fuzzy Logic, edited by R. Seising, E. Trillas, and J. Kacprzyk, pp. 55–64. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ethnobiology Letters.

Blog post

Hale, T. 2016. Contest Gives You The Chance To 3D Print Your Own Design On The International Space Station. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/contest-gives-you-the-chance-to-3d-print-your-own-design-on-the-international-space-station/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1978. Review of Army’s Efforts To Develop TACFIRE. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liu, T.-W. D. 2003. Isolation and Characterization of Pco-1, Which Encodes a Regulatory Protein That Controls Purine Degradation in Neurospora Crassa. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. 2017. A Woman’s Fortune, and Her Ruin. New York Times:C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Butler 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Butler 2005; Bouchon and Karabulut 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bouchon and Karabulut 2008)
Three or more authors: (Lederle et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ethnobiology Letters
ISSN (print)	2159-8126
Scope