How to format your references using the EPJ Quantum Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for EPJ Quantum Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Donnelly P. Progress and challenges in genome-wide association studies in humans. Nature. 2008;456:728–31.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. West SA, Peters AD. Paying for sex is not easy. Nature. 2000;407:962.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Xu L, Yin M-L, Liu SF. Ag(x)@WO₃ core-shell nanostructure for LSP enhanced chemical sensors. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6745.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Couzin ID, Krause J, Franks NR, Levin SA. Effective leadership and decision-making in animal groups on the move. Nature. 2005;433:513–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Hunter DA. A Practical Guide to Critical Thinking. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

1. Nakata K, Sugisaki H, editors. Impacts of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident on Fish and Fishing Grounds. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chapple DG, Hitchmough RA. Biogeography of New Zealand Lizards. In: Chapple DG, editor. New Zealand Lizards. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 109–31.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for EPJ Quantum Technology.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Morocco Will Have 24/7 Solar Power By 2017. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Troops-To-Teachers: Program Brings More Men and Minorities to the Teaching Workforce, but Education Could Improve Management to Enhance Results. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Mar. Report No.: GAO-06-265.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Crumlish SB. Domingo Chileno: An Overture for Orchestra [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hyduk J. Looking Back (Sigh) at the End (Sigh) of a Great Season (Sigh). New York Times. 2016 Nov 4;D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	EPJ Quantum Technology
Abbreviation	EPJ Quantum Technol.
ISSN (online)	2196-0763
Scope

Research and Writing Guides