How to format your references using the Environmental Science and Pollution Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Science and Pollution Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goodman S (2001) Battle to save beleaguered beluga. Nature 412:108

A journal article with 2 authors

Dong R-Y, Cao B-Y (2014) Anomalous orientations of a rigid carbon nanotube in a sheared fluid. Sci Rep 4:6120

A journal article with 3 authors

Moran NA, McLaughlin HJ, Sorek R (2009) The dynamics and time scale of ongoing genomic erosion in symbiotic bacteria. Science 323:379–382

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang L-L, Duan S, Yang X-L, et al (2014) Systematic investigation on Cadmium-incorporation in Li₂FeSiO₄/C cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Sci Rep 4:5064

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lagraña F (2016) E-mail and Behavioral Changes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Marlina R, Giri RA (eds) (2014) The Pedagogy of English as an International Language: Perspectives from Scholars, Teachers, and Students. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Stolzenburg J-U, Liatsikos EN, Schwalenberg T, et al (2011) Miscellaneous. In: Stolzenburg J-U, Türk IA, Liatsikos EN (eds) Laparoscopic and Robot-Assisted Surgery in Urology: Atlas of Standard Procedures. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 363–386

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Google Releases Stunning Underwater Street View For World Oceans Day. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/google-releases-stunning-underwater-street-view-world-oceans-day/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Small Businesses Are More Active as Inventors Than as Innovators in the Innovation Process. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Helgoe CA (2008) The impact of federal policy on teachers’ use of science manipulatives: A survey of teacher philosophy and practices. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B (2017) Migos Tops Chart With ‘Culture.’ New York Times C3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goodman 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Goodman 2001; Dong and Cao 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dong and Cao 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Abbreviation	Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int.
ISSN (print)	0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution General Medicine