How to format your references using the Environmental Science and Pollution Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Science and Pollution Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gill P (2001) Atomic clocks. Raising the standards. Science 294:1666–1668

A journal article with 2 authors

Hartl FU, Hayer-Hartl M (2002) Molecular chaperones in the cytosol: from nascent chain to folded protein. Science 295:1852–1858

A journal article with 3 authors

Bradley J, Reuter D, Frings S (2001) Facilitation of calmodulin-mediated odor adaptation by cAMP-gated channel subunits. Science 294:2176–2178

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zeng X, Goetz JA, Suber LM, et al (2001) A freely diffusible form of Sonic hedgehog mediates long-range signalling. Nature 411:716–720

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

MacClancy J (2013) Anthropology in the Public Arena. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Chichester, UK

An edited book

Quirk TJ (2014) Excel 2010 for Human Resource Management Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical Problems. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Whitman GJ, Kushwaha AC (2008) Mammography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast, and Radionuclide Imaging of the Breast. In: Hunt KK, Robb GL, Strom EA, Ueno NT (eds) Breast Cancer 2nd edition. Springer, New York, NY, pp 83–120

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Used Cigarette Butts Could Be Used To Store Energy. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/used-cigarette-butts-could-be-used-store-energy/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1982) Data Processing Costs Can Be Reduced at Army and Air Force Exchange Service. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tovar L (2009) Perceived life satisfaction of previously undocumented Latino immigrants. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eggers D (2017) Chimanada Ngozi Adichie. New York Times M2156

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gill 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Gill 2001; Hartl and Hayer-Hartl 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hartl and Hayer-Hartl 2002)
Three or more authors: (Zeng et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Abbreviation	Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int.
ISSN (print)	0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution General Medicine