How to format your references using the Environmental Hazards citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Hazards. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kirschner, M. W. (2006). Obituary: Reinhart Heinrich (1946-2006). Nature, 444(7120), 700.

A journal article with 2 authors

Christensen, U. R., & Tilgner, A. (2004). Power requirement of the geodynamo from ohmic losses in numerical and laboratory dynamos. Nature, 429(6988), 169–171.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jeffrey, J. L., Terrett, J. A., & MacMillan, D. W. C. (2015). O-H hydrogen bonding promotes H-atom transfer from α C-H bonds for C-alkylation of alcohols. Science (New York, N.Y.), 349(6255), 1532–1536.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Davenport, T. R. B., Stanley, W. T., Sargis, E. J., De Luca, D. W., Mpunga, N. E., Machaga, S. J., & Olson, L. E. (2006). A new genus of African monkey, Rungwecebus: morphology, ecology, and molecular phylogenetics. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5778), 1378–1381.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

van Etten, W. C. (2006). Introduction to Random Signals and Noise. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Almeida, P. R., Quintella, B. R., Costa, M. J., & Moore, A. (Eds.). (2007). Developments in Fish Telemetry: Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Fish Telemetry held in Europe (Vol. 195). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Whiten, A. (2016). The Evolution of Hominin Culture and Its Ancient Pre-hominin Foundations. In M. N. Haidle, N. J. Conard, & M. Bolus (Eds.), The Nature of Culture: Based on an Interdisciplinary Symposium ‘The Nature of Culture’, Tübingen, Germany (pp. 27–39). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Hazards.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, August 28). Scientists Successfully Reverse Emotions Associated With Memory. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/scientists-successfully-reverse-emotions-associated-memory/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2001). A Practical Guide to Federal Enterprise Architecture, Version 1.0 (Extended by GAO-03-584G) (P00201). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Abraham, E. D. (2015). A mental health community outreach and education program for Nigerian immigrants: A grant writing project [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, B. (2017, September 3). Women’s Tennis Examines The Serve. New York Times, D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kirschner, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Christensen & Tilgner, 2004; Kirschner, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Christensen & Tilgner, 2004)
Three authors: (Jeffrey et al., 2015)
6 or more authors: (Davenport et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Hazards
Abbreviation	Environ. Hazards
ISSN (print)	1747-7891
ISSN (online)	1878-0059
Scope	General Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Development Geography, Planning and Development Sociology and Political Science