How to format your references using the Environmental Conservation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Conservation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier Q (2003) Home truths. Nature 423: 900–901.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chang M, Lingner J (2008) Cell signaling. Tel2 finally tells one story. Science (New York, N.Y.) 320: 60–61.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deng B, Zhang RQ, Shi XQ (2014) New insight into the spin-conserving excitation of the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Scientific reports 4: 5144.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Jiang Y, Choi WH, Lee JH, Han DH, Kim JH, Chung Y-S, et al. (2014) A neurostimulant para-chloroamphetamine inhibits the arginylation branch of the N-end rule pathway. Scientific reports 4: 6344.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nakhjiri M, Nakhjiri M (2006) AAA and Network Security for Mobile Access. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Jung H-G ed. (2016) Foot and Ankle Disorders: An Illustrated Reference. 1st ed. 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Di Piazza MC, Vitale G (2013) Parameter Identification for Photovoltaic Source Models. In: G Vitale (ed.), Photovoltaic Sources: Modeling and Emulation, pp. 83–129. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Conservation.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) New Simulation Helps Explain The Mysteries Of Supercooled Water [WWW document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-simulation-helps-explain-the-mysteries-of-supercooled-water/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2011) General Aviation: Security Assessments at Selected Airports [WWW document]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Peacock C (2012) Design science research toward designing/prototyping a repeatable model for testing location management (LM) algorithms for wireless networking.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M (2010) Scouting Report. New York Times: E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schiermeier, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Schiermeier, 2003, Chang, Lingner, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chang, Lingner, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Jiang et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Conservation
Abbreviation	Environ. Conserv.
ISSN (print)	0376-8929
ISSN (online)	1469-4387
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Pollution Water Science and Technology