How to format your references using the Energy Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Energy Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Diamandis, E.P., 2015. Getting noticed is half the battle. Science 349, 206.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gandin, V., Topisirovic, I., 2013. Cell biology. Trans-HSF1 express. Science 341, 242–243.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fortes, A.D., Suard, E., Knight, K.S., 2011. Negative linear compressibility and massive anisotropic thermal expansion in methanol monohydrate. Science 331, 742–746.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Qian, K., Zhou, L., Liu, J., Yang, J., Xu, H., Yu, M., Nouwens, A., Zou, J., Monteiro, M.J., Yu, C., 2013. Laser engineered graphene paper for mass spectrometry imaging. Sci. Rep. 3, 1415.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reay, D., 2012. Digital Signal Processing and Applications with the OMAP-L138 eXperimenter. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Scholz, C., Zentes, J. (Eds.), 2006. Strategic Management — New Rules for Old Europe. Gabler, Wiesbaden.

A chapter in an edited book

Krzyżowski, Ł., 2016. Structuring Social Remittances: Transnational Networks of Polish Migrants, in: Nowicka, M., Šerbedžija, V. (Eds.), Migration and Social Remittances in a Global Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp. 71–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Energy Economics.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2017. Stargazing Live Leads To Discovery Of Multi-Planet System [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/stargazing-live-leads-to-discovery-of-multi-planet-system/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1996. Federally Funded R&D Centers: Issues Relating to the Management of DOD-Sponsored Centers (No. NSIAD-96-112). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robertson, B., 2012. Forging a New World Nationalism: Ancient Mexico in United States art and visual culture, 1933–1945 (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lasdun, J., 2017. Odd Coupling. New York Times BR11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Diamandis, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Diamandis, 2015; Gandin and Topisirovic, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gandin and Topisirovic, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Qian et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Energy Economics
Abbreviation	Energy Econ.
ISSN (print)	0140-9883
Scope	Economics and Econometrics General Energy