How to format your references using the Energy Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Energy Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hewitt, G., 2000. The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages. Nature 405, 907–913.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pelkmans, L., Zerial, M., 2005. Kinase-regulated quantal assemblies and kiss-and-run recycling of caveolae. Nature 436, 128–133.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lederer, W.J., Hagen, B.M., Zhao, G., 2012. Cell biology. Superresolution subspace signaling. Science 336, 546–547.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Rosenberg, E.S., Altfeld, M., Poon, S.H., Phillips, M.N., Wilkes, B.M., Eldridge, R.L., Robbins, G.K., D’Aquila, R.T., Goulder, P.J., Walker, B.D., 2000. Immune control of HIV-1 after early treatment of acute infection. Nature 407, 523–526.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Elias, H.-G., 2006. Macromolecules. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69451 Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Schrogl, K.-U., Pagkratis, S., Baranes, B. (Eds.), 2011. Yearbook on Space Policy 2009/2010: Space for Society, Yearbook on Space Policy. Springer, Vienna.

A chapter in an edited book

Shukla, V., Upreti, D.K., Bajpai, R., 2014. Ecosystem Monitoring, in: D.k., U., Bajpai, R. (Eds.), Lichens to Biomonitor the Environment. Springer India, New Delhi, pp. 97–170.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Energy Economics.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2017. Creationist VP Mike Pence Will Head A Space Science Committee [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2011. Electronic Government: Performance Measures for Projects Aimed at Promoting Innovation and Transparency Can Be Improved (No. GAO-11-775). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Graham, H.H., 2010. Leadership as co-influencing: A heuristic narrative study of dynamic co-emergence within the leadership relationship (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Nir, S.M., 2017. Fire’s Death Toll: ‘5 Amazing People Full of Life,’ the Oldest of Them 20. New York Times A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hewitt, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Hewitt, 2000; Pelkmans and Zerial, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pelkmans and Zerial, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Rosenberg et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Energy Economics
Abbreviation	Energy Econ.
ISSN (print)	0140-9883
Scope	Economics and Econometrics General Energy