How to format your references using the Economies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Economies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kiessling, W. Paleoecology. Life’s Complexity Cast in Stone. Science 2006, 314, 1254–1255.

A journal article with 2 authors

Théry, M.; Casas, J. Predator and Prey Views of Spider Camouflage. Nature 2002, 415, 133.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bajcsy, M.; Zibrov, A.S.; Lukin, M.D. Stationary Pulses of Light in an Atomic Medium. Nature 2003, 426, 638–641.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Roy, M.; Zinck, R.D.; Bouma, M.J.; Pascual, M. Epidemic Cholera Spreads like Wildfire. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 3710.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Good, P.I. Introduction to Statistics through Resampling Methods and Microsoft Office Excel ®; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2005; ISBN 9780471741770.

An edited book

Vassev, E. Autonomy Requirements Engineering for Space Missions; Hinchey, M., Ed.; NASA Monographs in Systems and Software Engineering; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2014; ISBN 9783319098159.

A chapter in an edited book

Antognini, A.B.; Giovagnoli, A.; Romano, D.; Zagoraiou, M. Computer Simulations for the Optimization of Technological Processes. In Statistics for Innovation: Statistical Design of “Continuous” Product Innovation; Erto, P., Ed.; Springer: Milano, 2009; pp. 65–88 ISBN 9788847008144.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Economies.

Blog post

Andrew, D. Solved Mystery Of The Deep-Sea Mushroom Just Raises New Questions Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/solved-mystery-of-the-deepsea-mushroom-just-raises-new-questions/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Opportunities and Constraints for Expanding Use of Research Facilities at the National Bureau of Standards; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1985;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Heredia, R. Leadership Development in a Multigenerational Workplace: An Exploratory Study. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University: Malibu, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, J.; Wang, V. They Don’t Ride the Subway, Though Its Future Rides on Them. New York Times 2017, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Economies
ISSN (online)	2227-7099
Scope