How to format your references using the Economies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Economies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Herzberg, C. Petrology and Thermal Structure of the Hawaiian Plume from Mauna Kea Volcano. Nature 2006, 444, 605–609.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bergstrom, C.T.; Kerr, B. Microbiology: Taking the Bad with the Good. Nature 2015, 521, 431–432.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brown, R.R.; Deletic, A.; Wong, T.H.F. Interdisciplinarity: How to Catalyse Collaboration. Nature 2015, 525, 315–317.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Aulanier, G.; Golub, L.; Deluca, E.E.; Cirtain, J.W.; Kano, R.; Lundquist, L.L.; Narukage, N.; Sakao, T.; Weber, M.A. Slipping Magnetic Reconnection in Coronal Loops. Science 2007, 318, 1588–1591.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Martin, B.R. Nuclear and Particle Physics; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2006; ISBN 9780470035474.

An edited book

Complex Sciences: First International Conference, Complex 2009, Shanghai, China, February 23-25, 2009, Revised Papers, Part 2; Zhou, J., Ed.; Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009; Vol. 5; ISBN 9783642024689.

A chapter in an edited book

Bradshaw, H.B. Other Cannabimimetic Lipid Signaling Molecules. In Cannabinoids and the Brain; Köfalvi, A., Ed.; Springer US: Boston, MA, 2008; pp. 47–58 ISBN 9780387743486.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Economies.

Blog post

Andrew, D. Check Out This Spectacular Photo Of The Grand Canyon (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office ADP Systems: Concerns About DOD’s Composite Health Care System Development Contracts; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1987;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luvani, K.D. AIRtouch: An Intelligent Virtual Keyboard. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hartman, S. Brooklyn Boxer Rises, but Her Feet Stay on the Ground. New York Times 2014, A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Economies
ISSN (online)	2227-7099
Scope