How to format your references using the Earth System Dynamics Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Earth System Dynamics Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Savage, N.: Materials science: Super carbon, Nature, 483, S30-1, 2012.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maynard, A. and Rejeski, D.: Too small to overlook, Nature, 460, 174, 2009.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mohn, F., Handler, D., and Brennecke, J.: Noncoding RNA. piRNA-guided slicing specifies transcripts for Zucchini-dependent, phased piRNA biogenesis, Science, 348, 812–817, 2015.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Scheffer, M., Bascompte, J., Brock, W. A., Brovkin, V., Carpenter, S. R., Dakos, V., Held, H., van Nes, E. H., Rietkerk, M., and Sugihara, G.: Early-warning signals for critical transitions, Nature, 461, 53–59, 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety: Guidelines for Acquisition Evaluation and Post Merger Integration, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2010.

An edited book

Horowitz, A. R. and Ishaaya, I. (Eds.): Advances in Insect Control and Resistance Management, Springer International Publishing, Cham, XI, 339 p. 66 illus., 40 illus. in color pp., 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Leveling, J., Zhou, D., Jones, G. J. F., and Wade, V.: Document Expansion, Query Translation and Language Modeling for Ad-Hoc IR, in: Multilingual Information Access Evaluation I. Text Retrieval Experiments: 10th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2009, Corfu, Greece, September 30 - October 2, 2009, Revised Selected Papers, edited by: Peters, C., Nunzio, G. M. D., Kurimo, M., Mandl, T., Mostefa, D., Peñas, A., and Roda, G., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 58–61, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Earth System Dynamics Discussions.

Blog post

Most People Think ‘Man’ When They Think ‘Scientist’ – How Can We Kill The Stereotype? https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/most-people-think-man-when-they-think-scientist-how-can-we-kill-stereotype/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: IRS’ ADP Budget: Issues That Could Affect Funding of Personnel System Project, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams, A.: Kindergarten through third grade reading tutors in Northeast Mississippi, Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Strauss, B.: Like Father, Like Son. Like the Cubs? No Way!, New York Times, 28th September, B11, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Savage, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Maynard and Rejeski, 2009; Savage, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maynard and Rejeski, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Scheffer et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Earth System Dynamics Discussions
Abbreviation	Earth Syst. Dyn. Discuss.
ISSN (online)	2190-4995
Scope