How to format your references using the Drinking Water Engineering and Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Drinking Water Engineering and Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kelly, J. D.: Make diagnostic centres a priority for Ebola crisis, Nature, 513, 145, 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

Metrangolo, P. and Resnati, G.: Chemistry. Halogen versus hydrogen, Science, 321, 918–919, 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ryu, H.-W., Park, C.-W., and Ryu, K.-Y.: Disruption of polyubiquitin gene Ubb causes dysregulation of neural stem cell differentiation with premature gliogenesis, Sci. Rep., 4, 7026, 2014.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Sakaguchi, H., Matsumura, H., Gong, H., and Abouelwafa, A. M.: Direct visualization of the formation of single-molecule conjugated copolymers, Science, 310, 1002–1006, 2005.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jones, R. B.: 20% Chance of Rain, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

An edited book

Galvez, A.: Food Biopreservation, edited by: Grande Burgos, M. J., Lucas López, R., and Pérez Pulido, R., Springer, New York, NY, VI, 118 p pp., 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Young, I. M.: Responsibility and Global Labor Justice, in: Responsibility in Context: Perspectives, edited by: Ognjenovic, G., Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 53–76, 2010.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Drinking Water Engineering and Science.

Blog post

India: The Pharmacy Of The World Where ‘Crazy Drug combinations’ Go Unregulated: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/india-pharmacy-world-where-crazy-drug-combinations-go-unregulated/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Information Technology: Uncertainty Remains about the Bureau’s Readiness for a Key Decennial Census Test, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parker, J. S.: Land Tenure in the Sugar Creek Watershed: A Contextual Analysis of Land Tenure and Social Networks, Intergenerational Farm Succession, and Conservation Use Among Farmers of Wayne County, Ohio, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L.: Arizona’s Strict Approach to Insanity Defenses Gets a Hearing Before the Supreme Court, New York Times, 20th April, A25, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kelly, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Kelly, 2014; Metrangolo and Resnati, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Metrangolo and Resnati, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Sakaguchi et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Drinking Water Engineering and Science
Abbreviation	Drink. Water Eng. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1996-9457
ISSN (online)	1996-9465
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Pollution Water Science and Technology