How to format your references using the Documenta Ophthalmologica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Documenta Ophthalmologica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Forde A (2005) The class of 2005: Germany. Tracking pollutants. Science 310:521

A journal article with 2 authors

Cloetingh S, Haq BU (2015) Sea level change. Inherited landscapes and sea level change. Science 347:1258375

A journal article with 3 authors

Dunham EM, Favreau P, Carlson JM (2003) A supershear transition mechanism for cracks. Science 299:1557–1559

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Hill JO, Wyatt HR, Reed GW, Peters JC (2003) Obesity and the environment: where do we go from here? Science 299:853–855

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Furmston M (2008) Powell-Smith & Furmston’s Building Contract Casebook. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Rahim MM, Idowu SO (2015) Social Audit Regulation: Development, Challenges and Opportunities. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Cavalieri FJ, Brüls O, Cardona A (2014) A Mortar Method Combined with an Augmented Lagrangian Approach for Treatment of Mechanical Contact Problems. In: Terze Z (ed) Multibody Dynamics: Computational Methods and Applications. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 69–91

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Documenta Ophthalmologica.

Blog post

Andrew D (2016) Paying A Heavy Price For Loving The Neanderthals. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/paying-a-heavy-price-for-loving-the-neanderthals/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Head Start: Increased Percentage of Teachers Nationwide Have Required Degrees, but Better Information on Classroom Teachers’ Qualifications Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Torres MF (2009) The effect of mergers and acquisitions in the information technology organizational structures. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chapman MM (2010) In Michigan, Homage to the Auto’s Heritage. New York Times AU4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Documenta Ophthalmologica
Abbreviation	Doc. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	0012-4486
ISSN (online)	1573-2622
Scope	Ophthalmology Physiology (medical) Sensory Systems