How to format your references using the Discovery Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Discovery Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jasanoff S. Technologies of humility. Nature 450(7166):33, 2007.

A journal article with 2 authors

Domon B, Aebersold R. Mass spectrometry and protein analysis. Science 312(5771):212–217, 2006.

A journal article with 3 authors

Maharana C, Sharma KP, Sharma SK. Feedback mechanism in depolarization-induced sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the hippocampus. Sci Rep 3:1103, 2013.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Cheong I, Huang X, Bettegowda C, Diaz LA Jr, Kinzler KW, Zhou S, Vogelstein B. A bacterial protein enhances the release and efficacy of liposomal cancer drugs. Science 314(5803):1308–1311, 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aasma A, Dutta H, Natarajan PN. An Introductory Course in Summability Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2017.

An edited book

Eachempati SR, Reed RL II (eds.). Acute Cholecystitis. 1st ed. 2015. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Hassell J, Aleman-Meza B, Arpinar IB. Ontology-Driven Automatic Entity Disambiguation in Unstructured Text. In: The Semantic Web - ISWC 2006: 5th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2006, Athens, GA, USA, November 5-9, 2006. Proceedings. Cruz I , Decker S , Allemang D , Preist C , Schwabe D , Mika P , Uschold M , Aroyo LM (eds.). pp.44–57. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Discovery Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. Oceans in imminent danger of losing a quarter of all sharks and stingrays. IFLScience 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Business Systems Modernization: Internal Revenue Service’s Fiscal Year 2005 Expenditure Plan. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rendleman AJ. Energetics of Physiological Plasticity during Larval Development of the Sand Dollar, Dendraster Excentricus. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. Decision Is Annulled, Exonerating Officials. New York Times:B12, 2014.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Jasanoff, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Domon and Aebersold, 2006; Jasanoff, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Domon and Aebersold, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Cheong et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Discovery Medicine
ISSN (print)	1539-6509
ISSN (online)	1944-7930
Scope