How to format your references using the Demography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Demography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pauluis, O. M. (2015). Atmospheric science. The global engine that could. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6221), 475–476.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sakaba, T., & Neher, E. (2003). Direct modulation of synaptic vesicle priming by GABA(B) receptor activation at a glutamatergic synapse. Nature, 424(6950), 775–778.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hines, P. J., Jasny, B. R., & Mervis, J. (2009). Adding a T to the three R’s. Education & technology. Introduction. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5910), 53.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Evans, R. L., Hirth, G., Baba, K., Forsyth, D., Chave, A., & Mackie, R. (2005). Geophysical evidence from the MELT area for compositional controls on oceanic plates. Nature, 437(7056), 249–252.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Varrall, G. (2011). Making Telecoms Work. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Duplantier, B., Raimond, J.-M., & Rivasseau, V. (Eds.). (2009). The Spin: Poincaré Seminar 2007 (Vol. 55). Basel: Birkhäuser.

A chapter in an edited book

Goodridge, H. S., & Underhill, D. M. (2008). Fungal Recognition by TLR2 and Dectin-1. In S. Bauer & G. Hartmann (Eds.), Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and Innate Immunity (pp. 87–109). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Demography.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, July 21). The March Of The King Crabs: A Warning From Antarctica. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/march-king-crabs-warning-antarctica/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1996). Satellite Control Capabilities: National Policy Could Help Consolidation and Cost Savings (No. NSIAD-96-77). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Martinez Abadia, J. M. (2014). French for Spanish speakers: A contrastive study of English monolingual, bilingual, and plurilingual adult learners of French (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, B. (2017, January 14). For 239th-Ranked Player, Faith in Qualifying Pays Off. New York Times, p. D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pauluis 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Pauluis 2015; Sakaba and Neher 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sakaba and Neher 2003)
Three or more authors: (Evans et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Demography
Abbreviation	Demography
ISSN (print)	0070-3370
ISSN (online)	1533-7790
Scope	Demography

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