How to format your references using the Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Reipurth B. George Herbig (1920-2013). Nature. 2013;503:470.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hammerl G, Spaldin N. Physics. Shedding light on oxide interfaces. Science. 2011;332:922–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Rogers RR, Krause DW, Curry Rogers K. Cannibalism in the Madagascan dinosaur Majungatholus atopus. Nature. 2003;422:515–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Hambler C, Henderson PA, Speight MR, Illius AW, Gillson L, Lindsay K, et al. Elephants, Ecology, and Nonequilibrium? Science. 2005;307:673c–4c.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Levene M. An Introduction to Search Engines and Web Navigation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

1. de Hart J, Dekker P, Halman L, editors. Religion and Civil Society in Europe. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Gueguen G, Isckia T. The Borders of Mobile Handset Ecosystems: Is Coopetition Inevitable? In: Hesselman C, Giannelli C, editors. Mobile Wireless Middleware, Operating Systems, and Applications - Workshops: Mobilware 2009 Workshops, Berlin, Germany, April 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 45–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. Elon Musk Unveils The Ridiculously Big Tesla Gigfactory [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/elon-musk-unveils-the-ridiculously-big-tesla-gigfactory/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Advanced Imaging Technology: TSA Needs Additional Information before Procuring Next-Generation Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Mar. Report No.: GAO-14-357.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Maddox CE. Postcolonial play: Encounters with sport and physical culture in contemporary India [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Walsh MW. William Schreyer, 83, Merrill Chief, Dies. New York Times. 2011 Jan 25;A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
Abbreviation	Curr. Rev. Musculoskelet. Med.
ISSN (print)	1935-973X
ISSN (online)	1935-9748
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine