How to format your references using the Copeia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Copeia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mallet, J. 2007. Hybrid speciation. Nature 446:279–283.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sandeep, S., and R. S. Ajayamohan. 2014. Origin of cold bias over the Arabian Sea in Climate Models. Scientific reports 4:6403.

A journal article with 3 authors

Olveczky, B. P., S. A. Baccus, and M. Meister. 2003. Segregation of object and background motion in the retina. Nature 423:401–408.

A journal article with 13 or more authors

Lev-Maor, G., R. Sorek, N. Shomron, and G. Ast. 2003. The birth of an alternatively spliced exon: 3’ splice-site selection in Alu exons. Science (New York, N.Y.) 300:1288–1291.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Solomon, R. 2016. The Art of Client Service. In.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Esposito, C., J. M. Guys, D. Gough, and A. Savanelli (Editors). 2006. Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction: Diagnosis, Treatment, Long-Term Follow-up. In.: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Frisch, W., M. Meschede, and R. Blakey. 2011. Passive continental margins and abyssal plains. In: Plate Tectonics: Continental Drift and Mountain Building. M. Meschede and R. C. Blakey (eds.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 43–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Copeia.

Blog post

Andrew, D. 2017. A Hot Bath Has Benefits Similar To Exercise. IFLScience. [Online.] Available at https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/a-hot-bath-has-benefits-similar-to-exercise/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1983. The Air Force Can Improve Its Maintenance Information Systems.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

DeRose, C. T. 2009. Electro-optic polymers: Materials and devices.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M. W. 2016. Team of 7 From Finance and Law to Oversee Puerto Rico’s Fiscal Affairs. New York Times:B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mallet, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Mallet, 2007; Sandeep and Ajayamohan, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sandeep and Ajayamohan, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Lev-Maor et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Copeia
Abbreviation	Copeia
ISSN (print)	0045-8511
ISSN (online)	1938-5110
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics