How to format your references using the Copeia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Copeia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shepherd, G. M. 2006. Smell images and the flavour system in the human brain. Nature 444:316–321.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suit, H. D., and H. Willers. 2003. Comment on “Tumor response to radiotherapy regulated by endothelial cell apoptosis” (I). Science (New York, N.Y.) 302:1894; author reply 1894.

A journal article with 3 authors

Palazzo, A., B. Ackerman, and G. G. Gundersen. 2003. Cell biology: Tubulin acetylation and cell motility. Nature 421:230.

A journal article with 13 or more authors

Webster, M. A., D. Kaping, Y. Mizokami, and P. Duhamel. 2004. Adaptation to natural facial categories. Nature 428:557–561.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minoli, D. 2012. Mobile Video with Mobile IPv6. In.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Wicks, A., and C. Niezrecki (Editors). 2016. Structural Health Monitoring, Damage Detection & Mechatronics, Volume 7: Proceedings of the 34th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2016. In.: Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Dye, D. H., and M. F. Keel. 2012. The Portrayal of Native American Violence and Warfare: Who Speaks for the Past? In: The Ethics of Anthropology and Amerindian Research: Reporting on Environmental Degradation and Warfare. R. J. Chacon and R. G. Mendoza (eds.). Springer, New York, NY, pp. 51–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Copeia.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2014. How Small Birds Evolved From Giant Meat Eating Dinosaurs. IFLScience. [Online.] Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-small-birds-evolved-giant-meat-eating-dinosaurs/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Federal Vehicle Fleets: GSA Has Opportunities to Further Encourage Cost Savings for Leased Vehicles.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Benson, M. K. 2010. Joint -service integration: An organizational culture study of the United States Department of Defense voluntary education system.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. 2005. Justices Weighing Narcotics Policy Against Needs of a Church. New York Times:A26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Shepherd, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Suit and Willers, 2003; Shepherd, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Suit and Willers, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Webster et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Copeia
Abbreviation	Copeia
ISSN (print)	0045-8511
ISSN (online)	1938-5110
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics