How to format your references using the Contraception: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Contraception: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Dennis C. Baiting plan to remove fox threat to Tasmanian wildlife. Nature 2002;416:357.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Chan CE, Odde DJ. Traction dynamics of filopodia on compliant substrates. Science 2008;322:1687–91.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Rychert CA, Fischer KM, Rondenay S. A sharp lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary imaged beneath eastern North America. Nature 2005;436:542–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zimmermann K, Leffler A, Babes A, Cendan CM, Carr RW, Kobayashi J-I, et al. Sensory neuron sodium channel Nav1.8 is essential for pain at low temperatures. Nature 2007;447:855–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bisswanger H. Enzymkinetik. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Smith IWM, Cockell CS, Leach S, editors. Astrochemistry and Astrobiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Gonzalez RS, Washington K. Biliary and Vascular Changes. In: Washington K, editor. Non-Neoplastic Liver Pathology: A Pathologist’s Survival Guide, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 37–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Contraception: X.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Journal Reports Case Study Of Woman With Giant Third Breast. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/woman-had-giant-third-boob-removed0/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Minimum Requirements Are Needed for Colleges and Universities To Justify Research Equipment Purchases. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Robertson M. Respite efficacy for parents of adults with intellectual disabilities: An ethnographic perspective. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Miller J. The Modern’s Progress. New York Times 2016:BR15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Contraception: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1516
Scope