How to format your references using the Contraception: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Contraception: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Goldston D. Shattered illusions. Nature 2008;451:387.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Jang H-J, Cho W-J. Performance enhancement of capacitive-coupling dual-gate ion-sensitive field-effect transistor in ultra-thin-body. Sci Rep 2014;4:5284.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Gustafson JL, Lim D, Miller SJ. Dynamic kinetic resolution of biaryl atropisomers via peptide-catalyzed asymmetric bromination. Science 2010;328:1251–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Wang L, Wang Y, Liang Y, Li J, Liu Y, Zhang J, et al. Specific accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocyte nuclei of PFOA-exposed BALB/c mice. Sci Rep 2013;3:2174.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Henderson TJ. Beyond Borders. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Iliadis L, Maglogiannis I, Papadopoulos H, editors. Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations: 10th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference, AIAI 2014, Rhodes, Greece, September 19-21, 2014. Proceedings. vol. 436. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Naitoh T. Basic Techniques and Instruments. In: Choi SH, Kasama K, editors. Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014, p. 29–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Contraception: X.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Strange “Haze” Spotted On Ceres Suggests Those Bright Spots Are Actually Made Of Ice. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/haze-ceres-suggests-those-bright-spots-are-actually-made-ice/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Army Logistics: Better Approach Needed to Identify Systemic Causes of Problem Parts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Obeng-Dompreh S. The impact of servicemembers’ learning styles and computer anxiety levels on computer -mediated learning. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wagner J. Future Is Now for Mets Prospect Rosario. New York Times 2017:B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Contraception: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1516
Scope