How to format your references using the Constructive Approximation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Constructive Approximation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pennisi, E.: Geography. Advancing seasons in China. Science. 341, 482–483 (2013)

A journal article with 2 authors

Ezenwa, V.O., Jolles, A.E.: Epidemiology. Opposite effects of anthelmintic treatment on microbial infection at individual versus population scales. Science. 347, 175–177 (2015)

A journal article with 3 authors

Cossairt, B.M., Diawara, M.-C., Cummins, C.C.: Facile synthesis of AsP3. Science. 323, 602 (2009)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Petukhova, L., Duvic, M., Hordinsky, M., Norris, D., Price, V., Shimomura, Y., Kim, H., Singh, P., Lee, A., Chen, W.V., Meyer, K.C., Paus, R., Jahoda, C.A.B., Amos, C.I., Gregersen, P.K., Christiano, A.M.: Genome-wide association study in alopecia areata implicates both innate and adaptive immunity. Nature. 466, 113–117 (2010)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Räisänen, V.: Service Modelling. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2006)

An edited book

Lugtenberg, B. ed: Principles of Plant-Microbe Interactions: Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015)

A chapter in an edited book

de la Fuente, M.S., Sterli, J., Maniel, I.: North Gondwana Pleurodiran Turtles. In: Sterli, J. and Maniel, I. (eds.) Origin, Evolution and Biogeographic History of South American Turtles. pp. 95–131. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Constructive Approximation.

Blog post

Luntz, S.: How Dams Are Poisoning The Arctic, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-big-dams-are-poisoning-arctic-methylmercury/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Compensatory Education: Aguilar v. Felton Decision’s Continuing Impact on Chapter 1 Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1989)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lizarraga, D.: Effects of large inedible particles on the feeding performance of echinodem larvae, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M.: THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: Undeclared Candidate; Perot Stresses Homey Image, But the Image Is No Accident, (1992)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Constructive Approximation
Abbreviation	Constr. Approx.
ISSN (print)	0176-4276
ISSN (online)	1432-0940
Scope	General Mathematics Analysis Computational Mathematics