How to format your references using the Constructive Approximation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Constructive Approximation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaiser, R.: Flowers and fungi use scents to mimic each other. Science. 311, 806–807 (2006)

A journal article with 2 authors

Ward, W.R., Canup, R.M.: Origin of the Moon’s orbital inclination from resonant disk interactions. Nature. 403, 741–743 (2000)

A journal article with 3 authors

Fedorov, A.V., Brierley, C.M., Emanuel, K.: Tropical cyclones and permanent El Niño in the early Pliocene epoch. Nature. 463, 1066–1070 (2010)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Milner, J.J., Toma, C., Yu, B., Zhang, K., Omilusik, K., Phan, A.T., Wang, D., Getzler, A.J., Nguyen, T., Crotty, S., Wang, W., Pipkin, M.E., Goldrath, A.W.: Runx3 programs CD8+ T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours. Nature. 552, 253–257 (2017)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wen, S., Huang, P.: Principles of Tribology. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd., Singapore (2017)

An edited book

Liu, Y.: Chaos in Attitude Dynamics of Spacecraft. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013)

A chapter in an edited book

Tsutsumi, K., Couvant, T.: Evaluation of the Susceptibility to SCC Initiation of Alloy 690 in Simulated PWR Primary Water. In: Busby, J.T., Ilevbare, G., and Andresen, P.L. (eds.) Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems — Water Reactors. pp. 41–53. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Constructive Approximation.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Researchers Use Gene Editing To Mimic A Mutation That Confers HIV Resistance In The Lab, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-use-gene-editing-mimic-mutation-confers-hiv-resistance-lab/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Efforts To Comply With P.L. 94-142 and Selected Youth Services Administration Management Functions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1986)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Packman, T.: The Effects of Eccentricity on Rectangular Hollow Structural Section Stress in Moment Connections Loaded Out-of-Plane, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K.: You Let Your Hair Down, and This Barkeep Cuts It, (2001)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Constructive Approximation
Abbreviation	Constr. Approx.
ISSN (print)	0176-4276
ISSN (online)	1432-0940
Scope	General Mathematics Analysis Computational Mathematics