How to format your references using the Constructive Approximation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Constructive Approximation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Appel, A.M.: Electrochemistry: Catalysis at the boundaries. Nature. 508, 460–461 (2014)

A journal article with 2 authors

Lin, Y., Zhang, Z.: Controlling the efficiency of trapping in a scale-free small-world network. Sci. Rep. 4, 6274 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Wise, C., Pawlyn, M., Braungart, M.: Eco-engineering: Living in a materials world. Nature. 494, 172–175 (2013)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang, H.Z., Hackbarth, C.J., Chansky, K.M., Chambers, H.F.: A proteolytic transmembrane signaling pathway and resistance to beta-lactams in staphylococci. Science. 291, 1962–1965 (2001)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Diab, W.W., Frazier, H.M.: Ethernet in the First Mile. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2011)

An edited book

Chodkiewicz, H., Steinbrich, P., Krzemińska-Adamek, M. eds: Working with Text and Around Text in Foreign Language Environments. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Nevile, J.W.: Policies to Minimise the Costs of Unemployment. In: Harcourt, G.C., Kriesler, P., and Nevile, J.W. (eds.) Post-Keynesian Essays from Down Under Volume III: Essays on Ethics, Social Justice and Economics: Theory and Policy in an Historical Context. pp. 45–66. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Constructive Approximation.

Blog post

Hamilton, K.: British People Are Feeling Better Than Ever – Here’s How We Can Tell

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Review of Certain Activities of the Florida School Desegregating Consulting Center. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1970)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frieberg, A.: The Project of Reconciliation: Journalists and religious activists in Polish -German relations, 1956–1972, (2008)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Fitzsimmons, E.G.: For Families, Memories Mix With Fading Hope, (2014)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Constructive Approximation
Abbreviation	Constr. Approx.
ISSN (print)	0176-4276
ISSN (online)	1432-0940
Scope	General Mathematics Analysis Computational Mathematics