How to format your references using the Chinese Journal of Cancer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chinese Journal of Cancer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Visser AW. Ocean science. Biomixing of the oceans? Science. 2007;316:838–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Eisenstein JP, Macdonald AH. Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons in bilayer electron systems. Nature. 2004;432:691–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Lebrun EG, Jones NT, Gilbert LE. Chemical warfare among invaders: a detoxification interaction facilitates an ant invasion. Science. 2014;343:1014–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kim H, Park K-Y, Hong J, Kang K. All-graphene-battery: bridging the gap between supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5278.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ahlemeyer-Stubbe A, Coleman S. A Practical Guide to Data Mining for Business and Industry. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Günther OP. RFID in Manufacturing. Kletti W, Kubach U, editors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Sudnik N, Kholtygin A. Non-radial Pulsation and Magnetic Fields of OB Stars. In: Suárez JC, Garrido R, Balona LA, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, editors. Stellar Pulsations: Impact of New Instrumentation and New Insights. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 23–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chinese Journal of Cancer.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Check Out These Amazing Waterspouts Spotted In China [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/check-out-these-amazing-waterspouts-spotted-china/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Applicability of Service Contract Act to Service Employees of ADP and High-Technology Companies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Nov. Report No.: 113769.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Stitt CR. Differences in theoretical constructs of processing health information in narrative entertainment television messages [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Brantley B. An Intergalactic Odyssey via Puppets, Puns and Knock-Knock Jokes. New York Times. 2016 Sep 12;C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Chinese Journal of Cancer
Abbreviation	Chin. J. Cancer
ISSN (online)	1944-446X
Scope	Oncology

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