How to format your references using the Case Studies in Structural Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Studies in Structural Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D. Cyranoski, Critics slam treatment for SARS as ineffective and perhaps dangerous, Nature 423 (2003) 4.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S.A. West, A.D. Peters, Paying for sex is not easy, Nature 407 (2000) 962.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

C. Cabernard, K.E. Prehoda, C.Q. Doe, A spindle-independent cleavage furrow positioning pathway, Nature 467 (2010) 91–94.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

A.C. Elden, H.-J. Kim, M.P. Hart, A.S. Chen-Plotkin, B.S. Johnson, X. Fang, M. Armakola, F. Geser, R. Greene, M.M. Lu, A. Padmanabhan, D. Clay-Falcone, L. McCluskey, L. Elman, D. Juhr, P.J. Gruber, U. Rüb, G. Auburger, J.Q. Trojanowski, V.M.-Y. Lee, V.M. Van Deerlin, N.M. Bonini, A.D. Gitler, Ataxin-2 intermediate-length polyglutamine expansions are associated with increased risk for ALS, Nature 466 (2010) 1069–1075.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

F. Riehle, Frequency Standards, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG, 2003.

An edited book

[1]

P. Collet, M. Tomassini, M. Ebner, S. Gustafson, A. Ekárt, eds., Genetic Programming: 9th European Conference, EuroGP 2006, Budapest, Hungary, April 10-12, 2006. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

L.-Y. Li, X.-M. Wang, L.-X. Mu, Incipient Fault Detection for a Hypersonic Scramjet Vehicle, in: J. Wang (Ed.), Proceedings of the First Symposium on Aviation Maintenance and Management-Volume I, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014: pp. 31–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Studies in Structural Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Can Zoos Save The World?, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/can-zoos-save-world/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, ADP System: Patent Office’s Contract Renegotiation Behind Schedule, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K.-S. Park, Transcriptional Regulation In The Respiratory Epithelium During Development And Repair, Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Eligon, In the Hands of a Pro, New York Times (2017) D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Studies in Structural Engineering
Abbreviation	Case Stud. Struct. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2214-3998
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Building and Construction