How to format your references using the Case Studies in Structural Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Studies in Structural Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

V. Venkatraman, Working life. The space roboticist, Science. 349 (2015) 338.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

D. Lionetti, T. Agapie, Inorganic chemistry: How calcium affects oxygen formation, Nature. 513 (2014) 495–496.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A. Mitchell, P. Wei, W.A. Lim, Oscillatory stress stimulation uncovers an Achilles’ heel of the yeast MAPK signaling network, Science. 350 (2015) 1379–1383.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.C. Tzedakis, K.A. Hughen, I. Cacho, K. Harvati, Placing late Neanderthals in a climatic context, Nature. 449 (2007) 206–208.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.E. Williams, Immunology, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

P.T. Coleman, Morton Deutsch: Major Texts on Peace Psychology, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Peeters, Flash Catalyst: bridging the gap, in: C. Andres, S. Anglin, M. Beckner, E. Buckingham, G. Cornell, J. Gennick, J. Hassell, M. Lowman, M. Moodie, D. Parkes, J. Pepper, F. Pohlmann, D. Pundick, B. Renow-Clarke, D. Shakeshaft, M. Wade, T. Welsh (Eds.), Flash Builder and Flash Catalyst: The New Workflow, Apress, Berkeley, CA, 2010: pp. 99–130.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Studies in Structural Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Lexus Claims They’ve Created a Hoverboard, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/technology/lexus-claims-theyve-created-impressive-hoverboard/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Federal Family Education Loan Program: Eliminating the Exceptional Performer Designation Would Result in Substantial Savings without Adversely Affecting the Loan Program, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M. Garcia, Perception of Latino students by teachers and counselors in the educational system, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Ember, The Empire Of Glamour Loses a King, New York Times. (2017) B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Studies in Structural Engineering
Abbreviation	Case Stud. Struct. Eng.
ISSN (print)	2214-3998
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Building and Construction