How to format your references using the Case Reports in Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Case Reports in Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mawet D. PLANETARY SCIENCE. Eyeing up a Jupiter-like exoplanet. Science. 2015 Oct;350(6256):39–40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Guy-Grand D, Vassalli P. Immunology. Tracing an orphan’s genealogy. Science. 2004 Jul;305(5681):185–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baarlink C, Wang H, Grosse R. Nuclear actin network assembly by formins regulates the SRF coactivator MAL. Science. 2013 May;340(6134):864–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sun Y, Cao W, Li S, Jin S, Hu K, Hu L, et al. Ultrabright and multicolorful fluorescence of amphiphilic polyethyleneimine polymer dots for efficiently combined imaging and therapy. Sci Rep. 2013 Oct;3:3036.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Magnasco V. Models for Bonding in Chemistry. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Miftahof RN. Biomechanics of the Human Urinary Bladder. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Franzke J, Roeder E. Chapter five Participatory Budgeting in Berlin-Lichtenberg: An Example of Good Urban Governance? In: Hendriks F, Gianoli A, Schaap L, editors. The Quest for Good Urban Governance: Theoretical Reflections and International Practices. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden; 2015; pp 87–103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Case Reports in Oncology.

Blog post

Carpineti C. Watch The Moment A Baby Kangaroo Is Rescued From Dead Mother’s Pouch [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 May

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA Procurement: Opportunities to Improve Contract Management. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chan BK. Hyperboloid-Parameterized Description of Diffusive Superconducting-Magnetic Hybrid Systems. 2017

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. The Fencer. New York Times. 2017 Jul;C8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Case Reports in Oncology
Abbreviation	Case Rep. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	1662-6575
Scope	Oncology