How to format your references using the Canadian Pharmacists Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Pharmacists Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Seeman N. Use data to challenge mental-health stigma. Nature. 2015 Dec 17;528(7582):309.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nishioka K, Reinberg D. Transcription. Switching partners in a regulatory tango. Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2497–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang M, Vijayraghavan S, Goldman-Rakic PS. Selective D2 receptor actions on the functional circuitry of working memory. Science. 2004 Feb 6;303(5659):853–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wertz IE, O’Rourke KM, Zhang Z, Dornan D, Arnott D, Deshaies RJ, et al. Human De-etiolated-1 regulates c-Jun by assembling a CUL4A ubiquitin ligase. Science. 2004 Feb 27;303(5662):1371–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Xing B, Vecitis CD, Senesi N. Engineered Nanoparticles and the Environment: Biophysicochemical Processes and Toxicity. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Hurst JL, Beynon RJ, Roberts SC, Wyatt TD, editors. Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 11. New York, NY: Springer; 2008. XXV, 432 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Wu Y, Chen HD, Li YH, Gao XH, Preedy VR. Antioxidants and skin: an overview. In: Preedy VR, editor. Handbook of diet, nutrition and the skin. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers; 2012. p. 68–90. (Human Health Handbooks no. 1).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Pharmacists Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. These Cute Sea Slugs Are The Sheep Of The Sea. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/these-cute-sea-slugs-are-sheep-sea/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Shuttle: Costs for Hubble Servicing Mission and Implementation of Safety Recommendations Not Yet Definitive. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004 Nov. Report No.: GAO-05-34.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Falcone JN. For Pets’ Sake: Is There a Need for Dog Safety Community Education? [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon MR. U.S. Mulls Providing Weapons to Ukraine. New York Times. 2017 Aug 24;A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Pharmacists Journal
Abbreviation	Can. Pharm. J. (Ott.)
ISSN (print)	1715-1635
ISSN (online)	1913-701X
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science