How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Soil Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Soil Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goldston, D. 2008. The scientist delusion. Nature 452: 17.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sun, J., and Liu, T. 2006. The age of the Taklimakan Desert. Science 312: 1621.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rabinovich, M., Huerta, R., and Laurent, G. 2008. Neuroscience. Transient dynamics for neural processing. Science 321: 48–50.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cash, W., Shipley, A., Osterman, S., and Joy, M. 2000. Laboratory detection of X-ray fringes with a grazing-incidence interferometer. Nature 407: 160–162.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ndjountche, T. 2016. Digital Electronics 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Núñez, M., Nguyen, N.T., Camacho, D., and Trawiński, B. (eds.) 2015. Computational Collective Intelligence: 7th International Conference, ICCCI 2015, Madrid, Spain, September 21-23, 2015, Proceedings, Part II. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Piaia, G. 2011. The General Histories of Philosophy in Italy in the Late Seventeenth and Early Eighteenth Century. Pages 213–297 in G. Santinello and G. Piaia, eds. Models of the History of Philosophy: Volume II: From Cartesian Age to Brucker. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Soil Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2014.March 25. Woolly Mammoths Suffered Major Birth Defects Before Extinction. IFLScience. [Online] Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/woolly-mammoths-suffered-major-birth-defects-extinction/ [2018 Oct. 30].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1988. Medical ADP Systems: Composite Health Care System Acquisition--Fair, Reasonable, Supported. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dillon, K.S. 2009. Social support to families of children with special needs: A grant. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. 2012.November 4. Quenching the Desire to Run. New York Times: D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goldston 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Sun and Liu 2006; Goldston 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sun and Liu 2006)
Three or more authors: (Cash et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Soil Science
Abbreviation	Can. J. Soil Sci.
ISSN (print)	0008-4271
ISSN (online)	1918-1841
Scope	Soil Science