How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Soil Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Soil Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Seaford, C. 2011. Policy: time to legislate for the good life. Nature 477: 532–533.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cox, A.L., and Siliciano, R.F. 2014. HIV: Not-so-innocent bystanders. Nature 505: 492–493.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cai, Y., Zhang, G., and Zhang, Y.-W. 2014. Layer-dependent band alignment and work function of few-layer phosphorene. Sci. Rep. 4: 6677.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hutvágner, G., McLachlan, J., Pasquinelli, A.E., Bálint, E., Tuschl, T., and Zamore, P.D. 2001. A cellular function for the RNA-interference enzyme Dicer in the maturation of the let-7 small temporal RNA. Science 293: 834–838.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Weverka, P. 2010. Microsoft® PowerPoint® 2010 All-in-One for Dummies®. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bledzki, L.A. 2016. Freshwater Crustacean Zooplankton of Europe: Cladocera & Copepoda (Calanoida, Cyclopoida) Key to species identification, with notes on ecology, distribution, methods and introduction to data analysis. Edited ByJ.I. Rybak. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Redondo Gil, C., Vega Prieto, P., Silva, M., and Teixeira, A.M. 2014. Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) Technology: FI4VDI Project. Pages 35–42 in Á. Rocha, A.M. Correia, F.B. Tan, and K.A. Stroetmann, eds. New Perspectives in Information Systems and Technologies, Volume 2. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Soil Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015.July 12. Shark Attack Risk Has Fallen Significantly Since The 1950s. IFLScience. [Online] Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/shark-attack-risk-has-fallen-significantly/ [2018 Oct. 30].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1991. Space Shuttle: NASA Should Implement Independent Oversight of Software Development. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sharp, L.M. 2009. Creative nonfiction illuminated: Cross-disciplinary spotlights. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Almosawa, S., and Youssef, N. 2017.July 7. Shattered Yemen Falls Victim to Another Deadly Enemy: Cholera. New York Times: A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Seaford 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Seaford 2011; Cox and Siliciano 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cox and Siliciano 2014)
Three or more authors: (Hutvágner et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Soil Science
Abbreviation	Can. J. Soil Sci.
ISSN (print)	0008-4271
ISSN (online)	1918-1841
Scope	Soil Science