How to format your references using the Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mortlock D (2014) Astronomy: The age of the quasars. Nature 514:43–44

A journal article with 2 authors

Rappaport SM, Smith MT (2010) Epidemiology. Environment and disease risks. Science 330:460–461

A journal article with 3 authors

Peng L, Song Z-G, Jiao S-C (2014) Efficacy analysis of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on rare non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring complex EGFR mutations. Sci Rep 4:6104

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Whitchurch CB, Tolker-Nielsen T, Ragas PC, Mattick JS (2002) Extracellular DNA required for bacterial biofilm formation. Science 295:1487

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mitola J III (2002) Software Radio Architecture. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA

An edited book

Banâtre J-P, Fradet P, Giavitto J-L, Michel O (eds) (2005) Unconventional Programming Paradigms: International Workshop UPP 2004, Le Mont Saint Michel, France, September 15-17, 2004, Revised Selected and Invited Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Grigorian A, de Virgilio C, Hari DM (2015) Abnormal Screening Mammogram. In: de Virgilio C, Frank PN, Grigorian A (eds) Surgery: A Case Based Clinical Review. Springer, New York, NY, pp 37–44

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) Study Finds Genetic Link Between Creativity And Psychosis. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/there-genetic-link-between-creativity-and-psychosis/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) Inspectors General: Actions Needed to Improve Audit Coverage of NASA. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Turner LB (2012) Diet, physical activity and breast cancer risk: An integrative science cross-populational approach. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S (2015) Becoming a Vampire, or Almost Anything Else. New York Times WE9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mortlock 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Rappaport and Smith 2010; Mortlock 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rappaport and Smith 2010)
Three or more authors: (Whitchurch et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment
Abbreviation	Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ.
ISSN (print)	1435-9529
ISSN (online)	1435-9537
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology General Engineering Ocean Engineering General Environmental Science