How to format your references using the Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marchant J (2015) Consider all the evidence on alternative therapies. Nature 526:295

A journal article with 2 authors

Grant PR, Grant BR (2006) Evolution of character displacement in Darwin’s finches. Science 313:224–226

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen LM, Friedman RM, Roe AW (2003) Optical imaging of a tactile illusion in area 3b of the primary somatosensory cortex. Science 302:881–885

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Tadokoro S, Shattil SJ, Eto K, et al (2003) Talin binding to integrin beta tails: a final common step in integrin activation. Science 302:103–106

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Samonas M (2015) Financial Forecasting, Analysis, and Modelling. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gravett LS (2016) Learning Agility: The Impact on Recruitment and Retention. Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Botero M (2014) How Primate Mothers and Infants Communicate: Characterizing Interaction in Mother–Infant Studies. In: Pina M, Gontier N (eds) The Evolution of Social Communication in Primates: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 83–99

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) The Sun Emitted Two X-Class Solar Flares Back-to-Back. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/sun-emitted-two-x-class-solar-flares-back-back/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) National Airspace System: Progress and Ongoing Challenges for the Air Traffic Organization. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Beverley D (2014) Golf as a tool for executive leadership development. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB (2016) In Chamber of Secrets: An Author’s Net Worth. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marchant 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Grant and Grant 2006; Marchant 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Grant and Grant 2006)
Three or more authors: (Tadokoro et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment
Abbreviation	Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ.
ISSN (print)	1435-9529
ISSN (online)	1435-9537
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology General Engineering Ocean Engineering General Environmental Science