How to format your references using the Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McNutt M (2013) Climate change impacts. Science 341:435

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhou W-X, Chen K-Q (2014) Enhancement of thermoelectric performance by reducing phonon thermal conductance in multiple core-shell nanowires. Sci Rep 4:7150

A journal article with 3 authors

MacAlister CA, Ohashi-Ito K, Bergmann DC (2007) Transcription factor control of asymmetric cell divisions that establish the stomatal lineage. Nature 445:537–540

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhou Y, Zhang J, Su G, Li J (2014) From sphere to polyhedron: a hypothesis on the formation of high-index surfaces in nanocrystals. Sci Rep 4:6520

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minelli M, Chambers M, Dhiraj A (2013) Big Data, Big Analytics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Freiesleben Hansen P (2009) The Science of Construction Materials. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Sandberg R, Rollins M (2013) A Brief Introduction to Android Development. In: Rollins M (ed) The Business of Android Apps Development: Making and Marketing Apps that Succeed on Google Play, Amazon App Store and More. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp 39–50

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Proposed SpaceLiner Could Take You From Europe To Australia In 90 Minutes. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/europe-australia-90-minutes-proposed-spaceliner/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Attack Warning: Status of the Survivable Communications Integration System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Xiao S (2012) Effects of adsorbates on the electronic properties of graphene. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J (2017) An Old Log Learns Some New Tricks. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McNutt 2013).
This sentence cites two references (McNutt 2013; Zhou and Chen 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhou and Chen 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhou et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Abbreviation	Bull. Earthquake Eng.
ISSN (print)	1570-761X
ISSN (online)	1573-1456
Scope	Geophysics Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering Building and Construction