How to format your references using the Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2003) It could be worse. Nature 425:745

A journal article with 2 authors

Li C, Thompson CB (2002) Cancer. DNA damage, deamidation, and death. Science 298:1346–1347

A journal article with 3 authors

Jones BF, Wuchty S, Uzzi B (2008) Multi-university research teams: shifting impact, geography, and stratification in science. Science 322:1259–1262

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chen H, Smith GJD, Zhang SY, et al (2005) Avian flu: H5N1 virus outbreak in migratory waterfowl. Nature 436:191–192

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

O’Hara BT, Malisow B (2017) CCSP® (ISC) 2® Certified Cloud Security Professional Official Study Guide. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Stojmenovic I, Thulasiram RK, Yang LT, et al (eds) (2007) Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications: 5th International Symposium, ISPA 2007 Niagara Falls, Canada, August 29-31, 2007 Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Koge H, Ito Y, Nakano K (2014) A GPU Implementation of Clipping-Free Halftoning Using the Direct Binary Search. In: Sun X-H, Qu W, Stojmenovic I, et al. (eds) Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 14th International Conference, ICA3PP 2014, Dalian, China, August 24-27, 2014. Proceedings, Part I. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 57–70

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Why Bacteria Could Be The Answer To A Future Without Oil. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/why-bacteria-could-be-answer-future-without-oil/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010) K-12 Education: Selected Cases of Public and Private Schools That Hired or Retained Individuals with Histories of Sexual Misconduct. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kerr AB (2012) Exploring relationship awareness in organizational change using the Strength Deployment Inventory. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2011) Torre’s Gift to All Fathers: Frank Talk About Prostate Cancer. New York Times SP2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Li and Thompson 2002; Smaglik 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Li and Thompson 2002)
Three or more authors: (Chen et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Abbreviation	Bull. Earthquake Eng.
ISSN (print)	1570-761X
ISSN (online)	1573-1456
Scope	Geophysics Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering Building and Construction