How to format your references using the BMC Cardiovascular Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. ten Kate K. Global genetic resources. Science and the Convention on Biological Diversity. Science. 2002;295:2371–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Richardson D, Sawers G. Structural biology. PMF through the redox loop. Science. 2002;295:1842–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Allen AP, Brown JH, Gillooly JF. Global biodiversity, biochemical kinetics, and the energetic-equivalence rule. Science. 2002;297:1545–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Blanke O, Ortigue S, Landis T, Seeck M. Stimulating illusory own-body perceptions. Nature. 2002;419:269–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Center for Chemical Process Safety. Guidelines for Performing Effective Pre-startup Safety Reviews. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

1. Çetin T, Oğuz F, editors. The Political Economy of Regulation in Turkey. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Adamson G. ‘The Most Horrible of Evils’: Social Responses to Drought and Famine in the Bombay Presidency, 1782–1857. In: Bankoff G, Christensen J, editors. Natural Hazards and Peoples in the Indian Ocean World: Bordering on Danger. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016. p. 79–104.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Bright Spots Within Coral Reefs Suggest They Could Ultimately Be Saved. IFLScience. 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/bright-spots-coral-reefs-suggest-ultimately-be-saved/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Interstate Commerce Commission: Impacts of Eliminating or Transferring Motor Carrier and Other Functions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Puhr RA. Evolution of the Sparse inflorescence1 lineage in grasses. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Protess B. MF Global’s Fall May Cost Corzine About $5 Million. New York Times. 2016;:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Abbreviation	BMC Cardiovasc. Disord.
ISSN (online)	1471-2261
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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