How to format your references using the BMC Cardiovascular Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Porto JV. Physics. Cold-atom magnetism. Science. 2013;340:1297–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Polyak VJ, Asmerom Y. Late Holocene climate and cultural changes in the southwestern United States. Science. 2001;294:148–51.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Usuki F, Fujimura M, Yamashita A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress preconditioning attenuates methylmercury-induced cellular damage by inducing favorable stress responses. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2346.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wang D, Kong L, Fan P, Chen H, Zhu S, Liu W, et al. Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor. Science. 2018;362:333–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Mindham CN. Roof Construction and Loft Conversion. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

1. Felber P, Garg V, editors. Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems: 16th International Symposium, SSS 2014, Paderborn, Germany, September 28 – October 1, 2014. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Taylor J. Emotional Sensations and the Moral Imagination in Malebranche. In: Lloyd HM, editor. The Discourse of Sensibility: The Knowing Body in the Enlightenment. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2013. p. 63–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. What is a comet, and will ISON explode? IFLScience. 2013. https://www.iflscience.com/space/what-comet-and-will-ison-explode/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Crop Insurance: Savings Would Result from Program Changes and Greater Use of Data Mining. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Long JJ. Comparison of health-promoting lifestyles in adult patients with and without primary care provider continuity. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Higgins A. Putin-Era Taboo: Dissecting Roots of Nazi Sympathy. New York Times. 2017;:A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Abbreviation	BMC Cardiovasc. Disord.
ISSN (online)	1471-2261
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine