How to format your references using the Biotribology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biotribology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C. Macilwain, Beware of backroom deals in the name of “science,” Nature 508 (2014) 289.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

L. Jiao, X. Liu, Structural basis of histone H3K27 trimethylation by an active polycomb repressive complex 2, Science 350 (2015) aac4383.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A. Barsic, G. Grover, R. Piestun, Three-dimensional super-resolution and localization of dense clusters of single molecules, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 5388.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H. Tachiwana, W. Kagawa, T. Shiga, A. Osakabe, Y. Miya, K. Saito, Y. Hayashi-Takanaka, T. Oda, M. Sato, S.-Y. Park, H. Kimura, H. Kurumizaka, Crystal structure of the human centromeric nucleosome containing CENP-A, Nature 476 (2011) 232–235.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

C.J. Chen, Physics of Solar Energy, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

K. Tobin, A. Shady, eds., Transforming Urban Education: Urban Teachers and Students Working Collaboratively, SensePublishers, Rotterdam, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M.F. O’Connor, M. Roantree, SCOOTER: A Compact and Scalable Dynamic Labeling Scheme for XML Updates, in: S.W. Liddle, K.-D. Schewe, A.M. Tjoa, X. Zhou (Eds.), Database and Expert Systems Applications: 23rd International Conference, DEXA 2012, Vienna, Austria, September 3-6, 2012. Proceedings, Part I, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012: pp. 26–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biotribology.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, Solution To Voyager 1 Magnetic Field Mystery Suggests It Is Not Quite In Interstellar Space, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/space/solution-voyager-1-magnetic-field-mystery-suggests-it-not-quite-interstellar-space/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Year 2000 Computing Crisis: FAA Is Making Progress But Important Challenges Remain, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

R.E. Baldasaro, Person level analysis in latent growth curve models, Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.M. Chapman, J. Bosman, Man Guilty of Murdering Woman at His Front Door, New York Times (2014) A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biotribology
Abbreviation	Biotribology
ISSN (print)	2352-5738
Scope