How to format your references using the Biomedical Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Adam D. Field trials excluded from UK crop appraisal. Nature. 2002 Dec 5;420(6915):453.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bergink S, Jentsch S. Principles of ubiquitin and SUMO modifications in DNA repair. Nature. 2009 Mar 26;458(7237):461–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

McKinney JC, Tchekhovskoy A, Blandford RD. Alignment of magnetized accretion disks and relativistic jets with spinning black holes. Science. 2013 Jan 4;339(6115):49–52.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhou Z, Luo MJ, Straesser K, Katahira J, Hurt E, Reed R. The protein Aly links pre-messenger-RNA splicing to nuclear export in metazoans. Nature. 2000 Sep 21;407(6802):401–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tan Y. Artificial Immune System Applications in Computersecurity. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Irving HR, Gehring C, editors. Plant Signaling Peptides. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. X, 286 p. (Signaling and Communication in Plants; vol. 16).

A chapter in an edited book

Schweiger HF, Peschl G. Basic Concepts and Applications of Random Sets in Geotechnical Engineering. In: Griffiths DV, Fenton GA, editors. Probabilistic Methods in Geotechnical Engineering. Vienna: Springer; 2007. p. 113–26. (CISM Courses and Lectures).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Reviews.

Blog post

Taub B. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. How Unregulated Hunting Almost Wiped Out Amazonian Species. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-unregulated-hunting-almost-wiped-out-amazonian-species/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Strategic Mobility: Serious Problems Remain in U.S. Deployment Capabilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994 Apr. Report No.: T-NSIAD-94-165.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gardner RD. A time course analysis of stem cell activity following brain injury in food-storing black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Powell M, Walsh MW. A.I.G. to Pay $725 Million In Ohio Case. New York Times. 2010 Jul 17;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Reviews
ISSN (print)	1310-392X
ISSN (online)	1314-1929
Scope	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine