How to format your references using the Biomedical Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomedical Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lupp C. Microbial oceanography. Nature. 2009 May 14;459(7244):179.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bruick RK, McKnight SL. Transcription. Oxygen sensing gets a second wind. Science. 2002 Feb 1;295(5556):807–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Willner AE, Wang J, Huang H. Applied physics. A different angle on light communications. Science. 2012 Aug 10;337(6095):655–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Krupke R, Hennrich F, Löhneysen H v., Kappes MM. Separation of metallic from semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. Science. 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):344–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nomura S. Micromechanics with Mathematica. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Rovenský J, Payer J, Herold M, editors. Dictionary of Rheumatology. 2nd ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. VIII, 357 p. 2 illus.

A chapter in an edited book

Nikolopoulos S, Giannakidou E, Kompatsiaris I, Patras I, Vakali A. Combining Multi-modal Features for Social Media Analysis. In: Hoi SCH, Luo J, Boll S, Xu D, Jin R, King I, editors. Social Media Modeling and Computing. London: Springer; 2011. p. 71–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomedical Reviews.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. The River Nile As Seen From Space. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/river-nile-aglow-seen-space/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Fiscal Year 2013 Agreed-Upon Procedures: Excise Tax Distributions to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund and the Highway Trust Fund. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013 Dec. Report No.: GAO-14-162R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lim L. Dual-class vs. single-class firms: Information environment [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Weaver MA. Why Do They Go? New York Times. 2015 Apr 14;MM42.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomedical Reviews
ISSN (print)	1310-392X
ISSN (online)	1314-1929
Scope	General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine