How to format your references using the Biogeochemistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biogeochemistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mazur E (2009) Education. Farewell, lecture? Science 323:50–51

A journal article with 2 authors

Brainard MS, Doupe AJ (2000) Interruption of a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit prevents plasticity of learned vocalizations. Nature 404:762–766

A journal article with 3 authors

Reber M, Burrola P, Lemke G (2004) A relative signalling model for the formation of a topographic neural map. Nature 431:847–853

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Seewald MJ, Körner C, Wittinghofer A, Vetter IR (2002) RanGAP mediates GTP hydrolysis without an arginine finger. Nature 415:662–666

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Quinquis A (2008) Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB®. ISTE, London, UK

An edited book

Ni Y-Q, Ye X-W (eds) (2012) Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on High-Speed and Intercity Railways: Volume 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Hassine J, Hamou-Lhadj A (2014) Toward a UCM-Based Approach for Recovering System Availability Requirements from Execution Traces. In: Amyot D, Fonseca i Casas P, Mussbacher G (eds) System Analysis and Modeling: Models and Reusability: 8th International Conference, SAM 2014, Valencia, Spain, September 29-30, 2014. Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 48–63

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biogeochemistry.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Rosetta’s Alice Instrument Returns First Science Data. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/rosetta-s-alice-instrument-returns-first-science-data/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) Aviation Research: Issues Related to FAA’s Research Activities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hardison A (2017) Achieving Literacy Excellence through Identifying and Utilizing High Yield Strategies. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2011) Decade Later, Waltrip Deals With a Crash At Daytona. New York Times B13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mazur 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Brainard and Doupe 2000; Mazur 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brainard and Doupe 2000)
Three or more authors: (Seewald et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biogeochemistry
Abbreviation	Biogeochemistry
ISSN (print)	0168-2563
ISSN (online)	1573-515X
Scope	Earth-Surface Processes Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology