How to format your references using the Biodiversity and Conservation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biodiversity and Conservation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

May M (2013) The spine. Nature 503:S1

A journal article with 2 authors

Hsieh-Wilson LC, Griffin ME (2013) Chemistry. Improving biologic drugs via total chemical synthesis. Science 342:1332–1333

A journal article with 3 authors

Shu Y, Hasenstaub A, McCormick DA (2003) Turning on and off recurrent balanced cortical activity. Nature 423:288–293

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Shimobaba T, Yamanashi H, Kakue T, et al (2013) In-line digital holographic microscopy using a consumer scanner. Sci Rep 3:2664

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety, American Industrial Hygiene Association (2009) Continuous Monitoring for Hazardous Material Releases. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Lee S-G, Peng Z, Zhou X, et al (eds) (2012) Database Systems for Advanced Applications: 17th International Conference, DASFAA 2012, Busan, South Korea, April 15-19, 2012, Proceedings, Part I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Chari SN, Diluoffo VV, Karger PA, et al (2010) Designing a Side Channel Resistant Random Number Generator. In: Gollmann D, Lanet J-L, Iguchi-Cartigny J (eds) Smart Card Research and Advanced Application: 9th IFIP WG 8.8/11.2 International Conference, CARDIS 2010, Passau, Germany, April 14-16, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 49–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biodiversity and Conservation.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) Global Wine Production Is Collapsing Thanks To Climate Change. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/global-wine-production-collapsing-thanks-climate-change/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Magnet Schools: Information on the Grant Award Process. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davis LV (2017) Oxidation Effects on the Magnetic Properties of Iron Phthalocyanine Thin Films. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) ‘Madman’ On Mound, Coolheaded Off the Field. New York Times B12

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (May 2013).
This sentence cites two references (May 2013; Hsieh-Wilson and Griffin 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hsieh-Wilson and Griffin 2013)
Three or more authors: (Shimobaba et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biodiversity and Conservation
Abbreviation	Biodivers. Conserv.
ISSN (print)	0960-3115
ISSN (online)	1572-9710
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation