How to format your references using the Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Polishchuk LV. Ecology. Conservation priorities for Russian mammals. Science 2002;297:1123.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Pasparakis M, Vandenabeele P. Necroptosis and its role in inflammation. Nature 2015;517:311–20.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Kaiser SM, Malik HS, Emerman M. Restriction of an extinct retrovirus by the human TRIM5alpha antiviral protein. Science 2007;316:1756–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Kurotaki Y, Hatta K, Nakao K, Nabeshima Y-I, Fujimori T. Blastocyst axis is specified independently of early cell lineage but aligns with the ZP shape. Science 2007;316:719–23.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Vaccari DA, Strom PF, Alleman JE. Environmental Biology for Engineers and Scientists. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Ribes R. English for Biomedical Scientists. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Boratyńska K. Geographic Distribution. In: Tjoelker MG, Boratyński A, Bugała W, editors. Biology and Ecology of Norway Spruce, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007, p. 23–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Ice Cream Gets Glow-In-The-Dark Makeover From Jellyfish Protein. IFLScience 2013. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ice-cream-gets-glow-dark-makeover-jellyfish-protein/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Earth Observing System: NASA’s EOSDIS Development Approach Is Risky. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Crowell ML. A Case Study into the Perception of World Language Study of All Stakeholders in a Suburban Midwest School District. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Koblin J. E!, a Mainstay on the Red Carpet, Buys the People’s Choice Awards. New York Times 2017:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
Abbreviation	Biocybern. Biomed. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0208-5216
Scope	Biomedical Engineering