How to format your references using the Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Jiggins CD. Evolutionary biology: Radiating genomes. Nature 2014;513:318–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Slakey F, Cohen LR. Stop laser uranium enrichment. Nature 2010;464:32–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Chen IA, Roberts RW, Szostak JW. The emergence of competition between model protocells. Science 2004;305:1474–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Min W, Lu S, Chong S, Roy R, Holtom GR, Xie XS. Imaging chromophores with undetectable fluorescence by stimulated emission microscopy. Nature 2009;461:1105–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Cooney KA, Chappell JR, Callan RJ, Connally BA. Veterinary Euthanasia Techniques. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Eijk RM van, Huget M-P, Dignum F, editors. Agent Communication: International Workshop on Agent Communication, AC 2004, New York, NY, USA, July 19, 2004, Revised Selected and Invited Papers. vol. 3396. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Perlikowski P, Yanchuk S, Wolfrum M, Stefanski A, Kapitaniak T. Dynamics of a Large Ring of Unidirectionally Coupled Duffing Oscillators. In: Wiercigroch M, Rega G, editors. IUTAM Symposium on Nonlinear Dynamics for Advanced Technologies and Engineering Design: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Nonlinear Dynamics for Advanced Technologies and Engineering Design, held Aberdeen, UK, 27-30 July 2010, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013, p. 63–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Turn Water Into Ice Instantly! IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/turn-water-ice-instantly/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Sale of Magnetic Data Tapes Previously Used by the Government Presents a Low Security Risk. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Beal ME. Predictive qualities of social characteristics and social integration on altruistic outcomes. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

St. John Kelly E. PLAYING IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD. New York Times 1994:139.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
Abbreviation	Biocybern. Biomed. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0208-5216
Scope	Biomedical Engineering