How to format your references using the Big Data Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Big Data Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A.V. Zayats, Perspective: A glint of the future, Nature 495 (2013) S7.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

A.-M. Pearse, K. Swift, Allograft theory: transmission of devil facial-tumour disease, Nature 439 (2006) 549.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. Kaminski, J. Call, J. Fischer, Word learning in a domestic dog: evidence for “fast mapping,” Science 304 (2004) 1682–1683.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H. Liu, L. Currano, D. Gee, T. Helms, M. Yu, Understanding and mimicking the dual optimality of the fly ear, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2489.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.-P. Deschamps, G.J.A. Bioul, G.D. Sutter, Synthesis of Arithmetic Circuits, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

C. Keller, M. Wiberg, P.J. Ågerfalk, J.S.Z. Eriksson Lundström, eds., Nordic Contributions in IS Research: Third Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems, SCIS 2012, Sigtuna, Sweden, August 17–20, 2012. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

R. Rosenberg, S. Gaul, W. Ford, O. Tomilova, Microcredit Interest Rates and Their Determinants: 2004–2011, in: D. Köhn (Ed.), Microfinance 3.0: Reconciling Sustainability with Social Outreach and Responsible Delivery, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 69–104.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Big Data Research.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, How Much Gold and Silver Is Hidden Within Volcanoes?, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-much-gold-and-silver-are-hidden-within-volcanoes/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Federal Student Loans: Education Could Do More to Help Ensure Borrowers Are Aware of Repayment and Forgiveness Options, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K.K. Claypool, Organizational Success: How the Presence of Happiness in the Workplace Affects Employee Engagement that Leads to Organizational Success, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S.K. (nyt), World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Chechnya Death Toll, New York Times (2001) A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Big Data Research
Abbreviation	Big Data Res.
ISSN (print)	2214-5796
Scope	Management Information Systems Computer Science Applications Information Systems Information Systems and Management