How to format your references using the Big Data Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Big Data Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

K. Innanen, Planetary science. Solving Laplace’s lunar puzzle, Science. 313 (2006) 622–623.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

O. Vargas-Rodriguez, K. Musier-Forsyth, Structural biology: wobble puts RNA on target, Nature. 510 (2014) 480–481.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S.W. Chisholm, P.G. Falkowski, J.J. Cullen, Oceans. Dis-crediting ocean fertilization, Science. 294 (2001) 309–310.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

C.R. Linnen, E.P. Kingsley, J.D. Jensen, H.E. Hoekstra, On the origin and spread of an adaptive allele in deer mice, Science. 325 (2009) 1095–1098.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

P.J. Hunt, J.E. Kennedy, Financial Derivatives in Theory and Practice: Hunt/Financial Derivatives, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

N.G. Walter, S.A. Woodson, R.T. Batey, eds., Non-Protein Coding RNAs, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Malpica, M.T. Deavers, E.G. Silva, Selected Topics in Gynecologic Pathology, in: P.J. Eifel, D.M. Gershenson, J.J. Kavanagh, E.G. Silva (Eds.), Gynecologic Cancer, Springer, New York, NY, 2006: pp. 30–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Big Data Research.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Caiman Tears Quench Thirst of Bee and Butterfly, IFLScience. (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/caiman-tears-quench-thirst-bee-and-butterfly/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Judicial Cases Reviewed for Awards of Damages, Attorneys’ Fees, and Nonmonetary Remedies in Special Education Lawsuits Brought Under Public Law 94-142, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C.M. Holloway, Evaluating five leadership traits in the rising stars succession planning program, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Paulson, Albee Estate Rejects Bid to Cast Black Actor, New York Times. (2017) C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Big Data Research
Abbreviation	Big Data Res.
ISSN (print)	2214-5796
Scope	Management Information Systems Computer Science Applications Information Systems Information Systems and Management