How to format your references using the Big Data Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Big Data Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Eisenstein, Artificial organs: Honey, I shrunk the lungs, Nature 519 (2015) S16-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K.R. Merikangas, N. Risch, Genomic priorities and public health, Science 302 (2003) 599–601.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Sturm, C. Racine, K. Tape, Climate change. Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic, Nature 411 (2001) 546–547.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

C. Li, W. Tong, B. Liu, A. Zhang, F. Li, The -1082A>G polymorphism in promoter region of interleukin-10 and risk of digestive cancer: a meta-analysis, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 5335.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.-C. Plantin, Participatory Mapping, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

C.G. Lai, K. Wilmański, eds., Surface Waves in Geomechanics: Direct and Inverse Modelling for Soils and Rocks, Springer, Vienna, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A.-F. Schmid, Couturat’s Reception of Leibniz, in: R. Krömer, Y. Chin-Drian (Eds.), New Essays on Leibniz Reception: In Science and Philosophy of Science 1800-2000, Springer, Basel, 2012: pp. 65–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Big Data Research.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Premenstrual Symptoms Linked To Inflamation, IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, The Cost Of Aerospace Ground Equipment Could Be Reduced, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1974.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Francom, Análisis sociolingüístico de eleccion de lengua en encuentros de servicio: Una perspectiva etnográfica y experimental, Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J.D. Biersdorfer, K. Couturier, Treasure Your Photos and Music? A Guide to Backing Up Critical Data, New York Times (2017) B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Big Data Research
Abbreviation	Big Data Res.
ISSN (print)	2214-5796
Scope	Management Information Systems Computer Science Applications Information Systems Information Systems and Management