How to format your references using the Austral Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Austral Ecology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Calvert A. J. (2004) Seismic reflection imaging of two megathrust shear zones in the northern Cascadia subduction zone. Nature 428 , 163–167.

A journal article with 2 authors

Srivastava D. & Olson E. N. (2000) A genetic blueprint for cardiac development. Nature 407 , 221–226.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bacles C. F. E., Lowe A. J. & Ennos R. A. (2006) Effective seed dispersal across a fragmented landscape. Science 311 , 628.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Peng J., Cao D., He Z. et al. (2018) The effect of hydration number on the interfacial transport of sodium ions. Nature 557 , 701–705.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gaisford S. & Saunders M. (2012) Essentials of Pharmaceutical Preformulation. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Meheus J. & Nickles T. eds (2009) Models of Discovery and Creativity. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Barni M., Bernaschi M., Lazzeretti R., Pignata T. & Sabellico A. (2014) Parallel Implementation of GC-Based MPC Protocols in the Semi-Honest Setting. In: Data Privacy Management and Autonomous Spontaneous Security: 8th International Workshop, DPM 2013, and 6th International Workshop, SETOP 2013, Egham, UK, September 12-13, 2013, Revised Selected Papers (eds J. Garcia-Alfaro, G. Lioudakis, N. Cuppens-Boulahia, S. Foley, & W. M. Fitzgerald) Lecture Notes in Computer Science. pp. 66–82 Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Austral Ecology.

Blog post

Andrew E. (2015) Cadaver Study Suggests Fist Fighting Could Have Played A Role In Hand Evolution. IFLScience. [online]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/cadaver-study-suggests-fist-fighting-could-have-played-role-hand-evolution/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stevens J. W. (2008) Perception of counselor ethical behavior: A quantitative look at dual relationships in Maine. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J. (2016) Just What the Candidate Ordered. New York Times, A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Calvert 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Calvert 2004; Srivastava and Olson 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Srivastava and Olson 2000)
Three or more authors: (Peng et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Austral Ecology
Abbreviation	Austral Ecol.
ISSN (print)	1442-9985
ISSN (online)	1442-9993
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science