How to format your references using the Austral Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Austral Ecology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stone A. J. (2007) Chemistry. Water from first principles. Science 315 , 1228–1229.

A journal article with 2 authors

Forster P. & Matsumura S. (2005) Evolution. Did early humans go north or south? Science 308 , 965–966.

A journal article with 3 authors

Doebeli M., Hauert C. & Killingback T. (2004) The evolutionary origin of cooperators and defectors. Science 306 , 859–862.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Phizicky E., Bastiaens P. I. H., Zhu H., Snyder M. & Fields S. (2003) Protein analysis on a proteomic scale. Nature 422 , 208–215.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Camman C., Fiore C., Livolsi L. & Querro P. (2017) Supply Chain Management and Business Performance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bichurin M. (2014) Modeling of Magnetoelectric Effects in Composites. (ed V. Petrov). Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Lu Z., Qu Y. & Qiao S. (2014) Reference Ellipsoid and the Geodetic Coordinate System. In: Geodesy: Introduction to Geodetic Datum and Geodetic Systems (eds Y. Qu & S. Qiao) pp. 165–263 Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Austral Ecology.

Blog post

Andrew E. (2014) Secret Spaceplane Lands After 674 Days In Orbit. IFLScience. [online]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/secret-air-force-spaceplane-lands-after-674-days-orbit/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Air Traffic Operations: The Federal Aviation Administration Needs to Address Major Air Traffic Operating Cost Control Changes. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mehmeti A. (2010) Intensive dramaturgical research facilitated the creation of the character Soran Saleen in “The Poetry of Pizza”. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Marx L. (2014) When ‘The Hokey Pokey’ Just Doesn’t Cut It. New York Times, ST28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stone 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Stone 2007; Forster and Matsumura 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Forster and Matsumura 2005)
Three or more authors: (Phizicky et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Austral Ecology
Abbreviation	Austral Ecol.
ISSN (print)	1442-9985
ISSN (online)	1442-9993
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science