How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Education Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Education Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gu, L. (2003). Comment on “Climate and management contributions to recent trends in U.S. agricultural yields.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5625), 1505; author reply 1505.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowley, J. D., & Blumenthal, T. (2008). Medicine. The cart before the horse. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5894), 1302–1304.

A journal article with 3 authors

Alford, R. A., Dixon, P. M., & Pechmann, J. H. (2001). Ecology. Global amphibian population declines. Nature, 412(6846), 499–500.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Zhu, P., Liu, J., Bess, J., Jr, Chertova, E., Lifson, J. D., Grisé, H., et al. (2006). Distribution and three-dimensional structure of AIDS virus envelope spikes. Nature, 441(7095), 847–852.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dixon, C. S. (2010). Protestants. Oxford, UK: wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

de Franchis, R., & Dell’Era, A. (Eds.). (2014). Variceal Hemorrhage. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Dotu, I., Van Hentenryck, P., Patricio, M. A., Berlanga, A., García, J., & Molina, J. M. (2009). Real-Time Tabu Search for Video Tracking Association. In I. P. Gent (Ed.), Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming - CP 2009: 15th International Conference, CP 2009 Lisbon, Portugal, September 20-24, 2009 Proceedings (pp. 21–34). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Education Review.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2015, October 6). Hurricane Joaquin Photographed From the International Space Station. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/hurricane-joaquin-photographed-international-space-station/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1977). Contracts To Provide Support for the Food Service Inspection Program (No. B-166850). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McGaughey, K. M. (2017). Textural juxtaposition: Representing the natural and the human in Elements (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barry, E. (2010, March 30). Attacks Revive Russian Concern That Guerrilla Warfare Will Spread. New York Times, p. A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gu 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Gu 2003; Rowley and Blumenthal 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rowley and Blumenthal 2008)
Three or more authors: (Zhu et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Education Review
Abbreviation	Asia Pac. Educ. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1598-1037
ISSN (online)	1876-407X
Scope	Education