How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Education Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Education Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lemaire, P. (2006). Developmental biology. How many ways to make a chordate? Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5777), 1145–1146.

A journal article with 2 authors

Owen, J., & Hector, A. (2014). Materials science. Phase-transforming electrodes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 344(6191), 1451–1452.

A journal article with 3 authors

Karlson, R. H., Cornell, H. V., & Hughes, T. P. (2004). Coral communities are regionally enriched along an oceanic biodiversity gradient. Nature, 429(6994), 867–870.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Taylor, S. M., Antonia, A. L., Parobek, C. M., Juliano, J. J., Janko, M., Emch, M., et al. (2013). Plasmodium falciparum sulfadoxine resistance is geographically and genetically clustered within the DR Congo. Scientific reports, 3, 1165.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kindmann, R., & Krüger, U. (2013). Stahlbau. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Nickerson, B. (Ed.). (2011). Sample Preparation of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Challenges and Strategies for Sample Preparation and Extraction. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Park, Y.-K. (2015). Basic and Ancillary Techniques in Bone Pathology. In E. Santini-Araujo, R. K. Kalil, F. Bertoni, & Y.-K. Park (Eds.), Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of Bone: For Surgical Pathologists, Orthopedic Surgeons and Radiologists (pp. 73–83). London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Education Review.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015, September 18). This Ultrathin “Invisibility Cloak” Makes It Impossible To See Microscopic Objects. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1988). Federal Motor Vehicles: Agencies’ Progress in Meeting Expenditure Control Requirements (No. GGD-88-40). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

DeSpain, L. (2008). The relationship between police supervisor training and job satisfaction levels as reported by patrol officers (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eligon, J. (2017, July 24). From Angry Student to Board Member. New York Times, p. A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lemaire 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Lemaire 2006; Owen and Hector 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Owen and Hector 2014)
Three or more authors: (Taylor et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Education Review
Abbreviation	Asia Pac. Educ. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1598-1037
ISSN (online)	1876-407X
Scope	Education