How to format your references using the Aquacultural Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aquacultural Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

von Bergmann, K., 2015. Physics. Magnetic bubbles with a twist. Science 349, 234–235.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tikku, A.A., Direen, N.G., 2008. Comment on “Major Australian-Antarctic plate reorganization at Hawaiian-Emperor bend time.” Science 321, 490; author reply 490.

A journal article with 3 authors

Van Tonder, G.J., Lyons, M.J., Ejima, Y., 2002. Visual structure of a Japanese Zen garden. Nature 419, 359–360.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Sharma, J., Dragoi, V., Tenenbaum, J.B., Miller, E.K., Sur, M., 2003. V1 neurons signal acquisition of an internal representation of stimulus location. Science 300, 1758–1763.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blumberg, L.M., 2010. Temperature-Programmed Gas Chromatography. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Decker, H., Lhotská, L., Link, S., Spies, M., Wagner, R.R. (Eds.), 2014. Database and Expert Systems Applications: 25th International Conference, DEXA 2014, Munich, Germany, September 1-4, 2014. Proceedings, Part I, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Pallas, F., 2016. Haier: A Case Study on How One of China’s First Global Brands Keeps Expanding, in: Segers, R.T. (Ed.), Multinational Management: A Casebook on Asia’s Global Market Leaders. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 55–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aquacultural Engineering.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. Against All Odds, AI Is Owning Humans At A Poker Tournament [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/against-all-odds-ai-is-owning-humans-at-a-poker-tournament/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. Truck Safety: The Safety of Longer Combination Vehicles Is Unknown (No. RCED-92-66). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Magner, T.J., 2014. Performance and leadership in multiplayer online gaming (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M., 2017. Met Opera Loses Lead In a High-Stakes ‘Tosca.’ New York Times C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (von Bergmann, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Tikku and Direen, 2008; von Bergmann, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tikku and Direen, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Sharma et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Aquacultural Engineering
Abbreviation	Aquacult. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0144-8609
Scope	Aquatic Science