How to format your references using the Applied Soil Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Soil Ecology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shimada, T., 2014. A universal transition in the robustness of evolving open systems. Sci. Rep. 4, 4082.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dudin, Y.O., Kuzmich, A., 2012. Strongly interacting Rydberg excitations of a cold atomic gas. Science 336, 887–889.

A journal article with 3 authors

Thomson, K.S., Sutton, M., Thomas, B., 2003. A larval Devonian lungfish. Nature 426, 833–834.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lee, B.-S., Burr, G.W., Shelby, R.M., Raoux, S., Rettner, C.T., Bogle, S.N., Darmawikarta, K., Bishop, S.G., Abelson, J.R., 2009. Observation of the role of subcritical nuclei in crystallization of a glassy solid. Science 326, 980–984.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rios Insua, D., Ruggeri, F., Wiper, M.P., 2012. Bayesian Analysis of Stochastic Process Models: Ruggeri/Bayesian Analysis of Stochastic Process Models, Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Meyerhof, W., Beisiegel, U., Joost, H.-G. (Eds.), 2010. Sensory and Metabolic Control of Energy Balance, Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Chapin, J.K., 2008. Hardware Implementation, in: Chapin, J.K., Gerhardt, G.A., McFarland, D.J., Principe, J.C., Soussou, W.V., Taylor, D.M., Tresco, P.A. (Eds.), Brain-Computer Interfaces: An International Assessment of Research and Development Trends. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 65–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Soil Ecology.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2014. Astronomers Solve Mystery Of Strange Object At The Center Of The Milky Way [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/solution-mystery-galaxys-heart/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1986. ADP Systems: Concerns About the Acquisition Plan for DOD’s Composite Health Care System (No. IMTEC-86-12). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ithier-Guzman, W., 2010. Assessing the ability of soils and sediment to adsorb and retain cesium-137 in Puerto Rico (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz, J., 2016. Exxon’s Unlikely Enemy. New York Times D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Shimada, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Dudin and Kuzmich, 2012; Shimada, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dudin and Kuzmich, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Lee et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Soil Ecology
Abbreviation	Appl. Soil Ecol.
ISSN (print)	0929-1393
Scope	Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) Soil Science Ecology