How to format your references using the Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kreeger K. 2002. At last, a chance for postdocs to learn how to teach. Nature. 415(6875):5

A journal article with 2 authors

Lincoln TA, Joyce GF. 2009. Self-sustained replication of an RNA enzyme. Science. 323(5918):1229–32

A journal article with 3 authors

Li X, Yang Y, Ashwell JD. 2002. TNF-RII and c-IAP1 mediate ubiquitination and degradation of TRAF2. Nature. 416(6878):345–47

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Shahmoon A, Aharon S, Kruchik O, Hohmann M, Slovin H, et al. 2013. In vivo minimally invasive interstitial multi-functional microendoscopy. Sci. Rep. 3:1805

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bragg SM. 2013. Accounting Best Practices. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Dincer I. 2013. Solar Based Hydrogen Production Systems. New York, NY: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Gaur M. 2016. Genetically Modified Logistic Regression with Radial Basis Function for Robust Software Effort Prediction. In Machine Intelligence and Signal Processing, eds. R Singh, M Vatsa, A Majumdar, A Kumar, pp. 55–66. New Delhi: Springer India

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics.

Blog post

Taub B. 2016. Most Clinical Trial Data In China Is Fabricated, Government Report Finds. IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1988. The Management and Operation of FCC’s Public Reference Rooms. T-RCED-88-25, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Santella Steen S. 2017. The Potential of Television Programming as a Resource to Facilitate Academic Progress for Students who have a Specific Learning Disability in Reading. Doctoral dissertation thesis. George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Antilla S. 2015. Fund Settlement. New York Times, Sep. 22, , p. B7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kreeger 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Kreeger 2002; Lincoln & Joyce 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lincoln & Joyce 2009)
Three or more authors: (Shahmoon et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
ISSN (print)	0066-4189
ISSN (online)	1545-4479
Scope	Condensed Matter Physics

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