How to format your references using the Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sibley CH. 2015. Infectious diseases. Understanding artemisinin resistance. Science. 347(6220):373–74

A journal article with 2 authors

Ratcliff WC, Denison RF. 2011. Microbiology. Alternative actions for antibiotics. Science. 332(6029):547–48

A journal article with 3 authors

Lukens JM, Leaird DE, Weiner AM. 2013. A temporal cloak at telecommunication data rate. Nature. 498(7453):205–8

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Du Y, Xin L, Shi Y, Zhang T-H, Wu NC, et al. 2018. Genome-wide identification of interferon-sensitive mutations enables influenza vaccine design. Science. 359(6373):290–96

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gavin H, Porter T. 2014. Female Aggression. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

An edited book

Dewsbury G, Dobson J, eds. 2007. Responsibility and Dependable Systems. London: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Kalinina O, Thumm U, Lewandowski I. 2016. Miscanthus-Complemented Grassland in Europe: Additional Source of Biomass for Bioenergy. In Perennial Biomass Crops for a Resource-Constrained World, eds. S Barth, D Murphy-Bokern, O Kalinina, G Taylor, M Jones, pp. 51–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics.

Blog post

Luntz S. 2014. Japan May Offer America Free Maglev Train Technology. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1997. General Government Information Systems Issue Area--Active Assignments. AA-97-28(1), U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Butler BK. 2013. Error Floors of LDPC Codes and Related Topics. Doctoral dissertation thesis. University of California San Diego

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Palmer E, Otis J. 2016. 4 Years After Hurricane Sandy, 2 Households Still Wait to Return Home. New York Times, Nov. 19, , p. A19

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sibley 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Ratcliff & Denison 2011; Sibley 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ratcliff & Denison 2011)
Three or more authors: (Du et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
ISSN (print)	0066-4189
ISSN (online)	1545-4479
Scope	Condensed Matter Physics

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