How to format your references using the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Swisher SN. 2000. Science. 290(5491):453e–54

A journal article with 2 authors

Panning M, Romanowicz B. 2004. Science. 303(5656):351–53

A journal article with 3 authors

Hermans TM, Frauenrath H, Stellacci F. 2013. Science. 341(6143):243–44

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Orme CA, Noy A, Wierzbicki A, McBride MT, Grantham M, et al. 2001. Nature. 411(6839):775–79

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baker WL, Marn MV, Zawada CC. 2010. The Price Advantage. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Imhoff AB, Beitzel K, Stamer K, Klein E, Mazzocca G, eds. 2016. Rehabilitation in Orthopedic Surgery. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. XI, 291 p p. 2nd ed.

A chapter in an edited book

Lee M, Pak JS, Kim J. 2014. In Electrical Design of Through Silicon Via, ed M Lee, JS Pak, J Kim, pp. 147–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics.

Blog post

Luntz S. 2014. Hydrogen-Rich Waters May Support Life Far Underground. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/hydrogen-enriched-waters-may-support-life-far-underground/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. Electronic Government: Government Paperwork Elimination Act Presents Challenges for Agencies. AIMD-00-282, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chatterjee K. 2012. A probabilistic mechanistic approach for assessing the rupture frequency of small modular reactor steam generator tubes using uncertain inputs from in-service inspections. Doctoral dissertation thesis. University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ. 2017. New York Times, April 28, p. B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Swisher 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Panning & Romanowicz 2004; Swisher 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Panning & Romanowicz 2004)
Three authors: (Hermans, Frauenrath & Stellacci 2013)
4 or more authors: (Orme et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.
ISSN (print)	0066-4146
ISSN (online)	1545-4282
Scope	Space and Planetary Science Astronomy and Astrophysics