How to format your references using the Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Efron B. Mathematics. Bayes’ theorem in the 21st century. Science. 2013;340:1177–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Garnero EJ, McNamara AK. Structure and dynamics of Earth’s lower mantle. Science. 2008;320:626–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Levine JH, Lin Y, Elowitz MB. Functional roles of pulsing in genetic circuits. Science. 2013;342:1193–200.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kawakami Y, Raya A, Raya RM, Rodríguez-Esteban C, Izpisúa Belmonte JC. Retinoic acid signalling links left-right asymmetric patterning and bilaterally symmetric somitogenesis in the zebrafish embryo. Nature. 2005;435:165–71.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Knowles R. 200 Contractual Problems and their Solutions. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012.

An edited book

1. Camarinha-Matos LM, Barrento NS, Mendonça R, editors. Technological Innovation for Collective Awareness Systems: 5th IFIP WG 5.5/SOCOLNET Doctoral Conference on Computing, Electrical and Industrial Systems, DoCEIS 2014, Costa de Caparica, Portugal, April 7-9, 2014. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Zhai D, Wu Y, Lu J, Yan F. A Fuzzy Negotiation Model with Genetic Algorithms. In: Wang W, Li Y, Duan Z, Yan L, Li H, Yang X, editors. Integration and Innovation Orient to E-Society Volume 1: Seventh IFIP International Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society (I3E2007), October 10–12, Wuhan, China. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2008. p. 35–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Air Pollution Kills More Than Three Million People A Year [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/air-pollution-kills-more-three-million-people-year/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Data Center Consolidation: Strengthened Oversight Needed to Achieve Cost Savings Goal. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013 Apr. Report No.: GAO-13-378.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Fox RN. Interpreting architecture: A Krauszian approach [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. LINDA GREENHOUSE; Karen W. Arenson contributed reporting from New York for this article. U.S. WINS RULING OVER RECRUITING AT UNIVERSITIES. New York Times. 2006 Mar 7;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
Abbreviation	Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob.
ISSN (online)	1476-0711
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)