How to format your references using the Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Manchester RN. Observational properties of pulsars. Science. 2004;304:542–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Tulaczyk S, Hossainzadeh S. Geochemistry. Antarctica’s deep frozen “lakes.” Science. 2011;331:1524–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Merz AJ, So M, Sheetz MP. Pilus retraction powers bacterial twitching motility. Nature. 2000;407:98–102.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Stanhope MJ, Lupas A, Italia MJ, Koretke KK, Volker C, Brown JR. Phylogenetic analyses do not support horizontal gene transfers from bacteria to vertebrates. Nature. 2001;411:940–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Mazze RS, Strock ES, Bergenstal RM, Criego A, Cuddihy R, Langer O, et al. Staged Diabetes Management. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.

An edited book

1. Lee TY, Shek DTL, Sun RCF, editors. Student Well-Being in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Theory, Intervention and Research. 1st ed. 2016. Singapore: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kouretas I, Paliouras V. Residue Arithmetic for Designing Low-Power Multiply-Add Units. In: Leuken R van, Sicard G, editors. Integrated Circuit and System Design Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization, and Simulation: 20th International Workshop, PATMOS 2010, Grenoble, France, September 7-10, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 31–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials.

Blog post

1. Evans K. Giant Goldfish Demonstrate Why Not To Release Pets Into The Wild [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/giant-goldfish-demonstrate-why-not-to-release-pets-into-the-wild/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Use of the Public Law 94-142 Set-Aside Shows Both the Flexibility Intended by the Law and the Need for Improved Reporting. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985 Jan. Report No.: PEMD-85-5.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Robertson B. Forging a New World Nationalism: Ancient Mexico in United States art and visual culture, 1933–1945 [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sisario B. Milestone for BMI: More Than $1 Billion in Music Royalties. New York Times. 2017 Sep 7;B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
Abbreviation	Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob.
ISSN (online)	1476-0711
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)