How to format your references using the Anaesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anaesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Graham J. Behavior. Morality beyond the lab. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2014; 345: 1242.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Laskar J, Gastineau M. Existence of collisional trajectories of Mercury, Mars and Venus with the Earth. Nature 2009; 459: 817–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Patterson D, Schnell M, Doyle JM. Enantiomer-specific detection of chiral molecules via microwave spectroscopy. Nature 2013; 497: 475–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Davidson AJ, Ernst P, Wang Y et al. cdx4 mutants fail to specify blood progenitors and can be rescued by multiple hox genes. Nature 2003; 425: 300–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Albalate A, Minker W. Semi-Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013.

An edited book

1. Karasavvoglou A, Polychronidou P, eds. Balkan and Eastern European Countries in the Midst of the Global Economic Crisis. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Hanson GR, Noble CJ, Benson S. Molecular Sophe: An Integrated Approach to the Structural Characterization of Metalloproteins: The Next Generation of Computer Simulation Software. In: Berliner L, Hanson G, eds. High Resolution EPR: Applications to Metalloenzymes and Metals in Medicine. New York, NY: Springer, 2009: 105–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anaesthesia.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Gene Used In Embryogenesis Can Repair Adult Tissue. IFLScience, 2013. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/gene-used-embryogenesis-can-repair-adult-tissue/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Space Acquisitions: Major Space Programs Still at Risk for Cost and Schedule Increases. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Nixon HA. Defining Principals: The Seen and the Unseen. A Critical Discourse Analysis of Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium Standards Five and Six. 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Lichtblau E. Poised to Seek Change as Attorney General. New York Times, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Anaesthesia
Abbreviation	Anaesthesia
ISSN (print)	0003-2409
ISSN (online)	1365-2044
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine