How to format your references using the American Journal of Neuroradiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Allen RM. Geophysics. Transforming earthquake detection? Science 2012;335:297–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Elderfield H, Ganssen G. Past temperature and delta18O of surface ocean waters inferred from foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios. Nature 2000;405:442–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kwak K, Cho K, Kim S. Stable bending performance of flexible organic light-emitting diodes using IZO anodes. Sci Rep 2013;3:2787.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kiger AA, Jones DL, Schulz C, et al. Stem cell self-renewal specified by JAK-STAT activation in response to a support cell cue. Science 2001;294:2542–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Böhmer E. Dentistry in Rabbits and Rodents. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Gavrilova ML, Tan CJK, Moreno ED, eds. Transactions on Computational Science XI: Special Issue on Security in Computing, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Poirier EJ, Poirier DR. Energy Balance Applications in Fluid Flow. In: Poirier DR, ed. Solutions Manual To accompany Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016:63–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Neuroradiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Step Into A Van Gogh With A Virtual Reality Tribute To His Famous Paintings. IFLScience 2015 May 19. [Epub ahead of print].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Systematic Planning Needed to Optimize the Deployment of Checked Baggage Screening Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shore LA. The anima in animation: Miyazaki heroines and post-patriarchal consciousness. 2014. [Epub ahead of print].

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Southall A, McKINLEY JC Jr. Caregiver Who Abused 4-Year-Old Boy Faces 22-Year Sentence for Murder. New York Times. September 30, 2016:A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Neuroradiology
Abbreviation	AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.
ISSN (print)	0195-6108
ISSN (online)	1936-959X
Scope	Clinical Neurology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging