How to format your references using the American Journal of Neuroradiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Davies KG. Creative tension. Nature 2000;407:135.

A journal article with 2 authors

Feldl N, Bilham R. Great Himalayan earthquakes and the Tibetan plateau. Nature 2006;444:165–70.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang D, Song C, Barabási A-L. Quantifying long-term scientific impact. Science 2013;342:127–32.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nystul TG, Goldmark JP, Padilla PA, et al. Suspended animation in C. elegans requires the spindle checkpoint. Science 2003;302:1038–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonnet P. Enterprise Data Governance. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Nesi P, Santucci R, eds. Information Technologies for Performing Arts, Media Access, and Entertainment: Second International Conference, ECLAP 2013, Porto, Portugal, April 8-10, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Denhart M, Villwock R, Vedder R. The Academics–Athletics Trade-Off: Universities and Intercollegiate Athletics. In: Hall JC, ed. Doing More with Less: Making Colleges Work Better. New York, NY: Springer; 2010:95–136.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Neuroradiology.

Blog post

Andrews R. Why Do Women Have Orgasms? IFLScience 2016 Aug 1. [Epub ahead of print].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Status of Office of Education’s National Direct Student Loan Funds at Selected Postsecondary Education Institutions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Altiparmak F. Online Management and Mining of Heteregenous and Dynamic Time Series. 2008. [Epub ahead of print].

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Southall A. Brownsville Residents Seek Answers After a Mentally Ill Ex-Convict Is Fatally Shot. New York Times. June 20, 2016:A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Neuroradiology
Abbreviation	AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.
ISSN (print)	0195-6108
ISSN (online)	1936-959X
Scope	Clinical Neurology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging