How to format your references using the American Journal of Neuroradiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bell J. Predicting disease using genomics. Nature 2004;429:453–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zimmerman AW, Connors SL. Neuroscience. Could autism be treated prenatally? Science 2014;343:620–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Clem RL, Celikel T, Barth AL. Ongoing in vivo experience triggers synaptic metaplasticity in the neocortex. Science 2008;319:101–4.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ito K, Bernardi R, Morotti A, et al. PML targeting eradicates quiescent leukaemia-initiating cells. Nature 2008;453:1072–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cayuela Valencia R. The Future of the Chemical Industry by 2050. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

Tian J. Genetic Analyses of Wheat and Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding, Volume 1: Genetics Map and QTL Mapping. (Deng Z, Zhang K, Yu H, et al., eds.). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Koestler DC, Houseman EA. Model-Based Clustering of DNA Methylation Array Data. In: Teschendorff AE, ed. Computational and Statistical Epigenomics. Translational Bioinformatics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2015:91–123.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Neuroradiology.

Blog post

Andrew D. What Are These Strange Looking “Clouds”? IFLScience 2015 Jun 30. [Epub ahead of print].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Relevance of GAO Report, “Improvements Needed in DOE’s Efforts To Develop a Financial Reporting System.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schwartz DA. Safe Travels? An Examination of the Search and Rescue Policies and Capabilities in the Northwest Passage Region. 2017. [Epub ahead of print].

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Plan for a Bryant Park Carousel Comes Around Yet Again. New York Times. December 30, 2001:144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Neuroradiology
Abbreviation	AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.
ISSN (print)	0195-6108
ISSN (online)	1936-959X
Scope	Clinical Neurology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging