How to format your references using the American Journal of Human Genetics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Human Genetics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Monastersky, R. (2009). Shooting for the moon. Nature 460, 314–315.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Ćuk, M., and Stewart, S.T. (2012). Making the Moon from a fast-spinning Earth: a giant impact followed by resonant despinning. Science 338, 1047–1052.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Galloway, K.E., Franco, E., and Smolke, C.D. (2013). Dynamically reshaping signaling networks to program cell fate via genetic controllers. Science 341, 1235005.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

1. Darling, K.F., Wade, C.M., Stewart, I.A., Kroon, D., Dingle, R., and Brown, A.J. (2000). Molecular evidence for genetic mixing of Arctic and Antarctic subpolar populations of planktonic foraminifers. Nature 405, 43–47.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Lacalle, D., and Parrilla, D. (2015). The Energy World is Flat (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd).

An edited book

1. Caravenna, F. (2013). Probabilità: Un’introduzione attraverso modelli e applicazioni (Milano: Springer).

A chapter in an edited book

1. Luo, M., and He, H. (2005). A Propositional Calculus Formal Deductive System $\mathcal{L}^{U}$ of Universal Logic and Its Completeness. In Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery: Second International Conference, FSKD 2005, Changsha, China, August 27-29, 2005, Proceedings, Part I, L. Wang, and Y. Jin, eds. (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), pp. 31–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Human Genetics.

Blog post

1. Fang, J. (2014). Leaf-Mining Insects Vanished With Dinosaurs, But Then New Ones Showed Up (IFLScience).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office (1983). Corrective Actions Taken or in Process To Reduce Job Corps’ Vulnerability to Improper Use of Contracting Authority (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Maitland, J. (2017). Differences in Perceived Organizational Justice Based Upon Overall Performance Appraisal Ratings. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Hollander, S. (1999). Rutgers Women Find Rhythm For 4th Straight Victory. New York Times D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^2,4.
This sentence cites four references ^2,4,6,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Human Genetics
Abbreviation	Am. J. Hum. Genet.
ISSN (print)	0002-9297
ISSN (online)	1537-6605
Scope	Genetics Genetics(clinical)