How to format your references using the American Journal of Emergency Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Emergency Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Nossal GJV. The double helix and immunology. Nature 2003;421:440–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bermingham E, Dick C. Ecology and evolution. The Inga--newcomer or museum antiquity? Science 2001;293:2214–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hartl FU, Bracher A, Hayer-Hartl M. Molecular chaperones in protein folding and proteostasis. Nature 2011;475:324–32.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Mainland JD, Bremner EA, Young N, Johnson BN, Khan RM, Bensafi M, et al. Olfactory plasticity: one nostril knows what the other learns. Nature 2002;419:802.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Baldi P, Frasconi P, Smyth P. Modeling the Internet and the Web: Probabilistic Methods and Algorithms. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2002.

An edited book

[1]

Tjoa AM, Quirchmayr G, You I, Xu L, editors. Availability, Reliability and Security for Business, Enterprise and Health Information Systems: IFIP WG 8.4/8.9 International Cross Domain Conference and Workshop, ARES 2011, Vienna, Austria, August 22-26, 2011. Proceedings. vol. 6908. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Chen W, Shen S. The Application of CT and MRI in Hepatectomy. In: Yan L, editor. Operative Techniques in Liver Resection, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2016, p. 21–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Emergency Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Major Improvement To Drug-Free Fertility Treatment. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/major-improvement-to-drugfree-fertility-treatment/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: TSA Has Strengthened Efforts to Plan for the Optimal Deployment of Checked Baggage Screening Systems, but Funding Uncertainties Remain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Tang D. Event detection in sensor networks. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly D. Unplugged. New York Times 2001:723.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Emergency Medicine
ISSN (print)	0735-6757
Scope