How to format your references using the American Journal of Emergency Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Emergency Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Mira-Perez J. Spanish university study ignores research. Nature 2000;404:222.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Hoffmann AA, Sgrò CM. Climate change and evolutionary adaptation. Nature 2011;470:479–85.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Zheludev I, Smith R, Aste T. When can social media lead financial markets? Sci Rep 2014;4:4213.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Kassai Y, Munne P, Hotta Y, Penttilä E, Kavanagh K, Ohbayashi N, et al. Regulation of mammalian tooth cusp patterning by ectodin. Science 2005;309:2067–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bauer E. Design for Reliability. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Clark-Wilson A, Robutti O, Sinclair N, editors. The Mathematics Teacher in the Digital Era: An International Perspective on Technology Focused Professional Development. vol. 2. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Lam S-Y, Tipoe GL, Liong EC, Fung M. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α and Endothelin-1 Expression in the Rat Carotid Body during Intermittent Hypoxia. In: Hayashida Y, Gonzalez C, Kondo H, editors. THE ARTERIAL CHEMORECEPTORS, Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006, p. 21–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Emergency Medicine.

Blog post

[1]

Davis J. There Are Only 30 Critically Endangered Vaquita Left In The World. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/there-are-only-30-critically-endangered-vaquita-left-in-the-world/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Educational Assistance for Institutionalized Neglected or Delinquent Children. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wonnacott CJ. Ambiguity in Theory and Neutrality in Practice: The Allied Intervention and the American Expeditionary Force in Siberia. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Abkhazia: Air Strikes On Rebels. New York Times 2001:A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Emergency Medicine
ISSN (print)	0735-6757
Scope