How to format your references using the American Journal of Archaeology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Archaeology (AJA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Knight, J. 2001. “Drugs Firms Inflate Research Costs, Watchdog Says.” Nature 412 (6847) (August 9):571.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hartland, G.V., and S.S. Lo. 2013. “Physics. Spectroscopy beyond the Single-Particle Limit.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 341 (6141) (July 5):36–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lieberman, D., J. Tooby, and L. Cosmides. 2007. “The Architecture of Human Kin Detection.” Nature 445 (7129) (February 15):727–31.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Kawamoto, A., Y.V. Morimoto, T. Miyata, T. Minamino, K.T. Hughes, T. Kato, and K. Namba. 2013. “Common and Distinct Structural Features of Salmonella Injectisome and Flagellar Basal Body.” Scientific Reports 3 (November 28):3369.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brandimarte, P. 2014. Handbook in Monte Carlo Simulation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ermentrout, G.B. 2010. Mathematical Foundations of Neuroscience Ed. David H. Terman. . Vol. 35. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Wolf, K. 2016. “Microgestures—Enabling Gesture Input with Busy Hands.” In Peripheral Interaction: Challenges and Opportunities for HCI in the Periphery of Attention, edited by Saskia Bakker, Doris Hausen, and Ted Selker, 95–116. Human–Computer Interaction Series. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Archaeology.

Blog post

Andrews, R. 2016. “Yellowstone Microbe Piggybacks On Others To Steal Their Nutrients.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/yellowstone-microbe-piggybacks-on-others-to-steal-their-nutrients/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2011. Freight Railroad Safety: Results of Rail Industry Survey about Hours of Service Issues (GAO-11-894SP, September 2011), an E-Supplement to GAO-11-853. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rutherford, B.A. 2017. “Beneficial Tensile Mean Strain Effects on the Fatigue Behavior of Superelastic NiTi.” Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, J. 2016. “TV Dominates Culture, and Trump Jokes Abound.” New York Times, September 19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Archaeology
ISSN (print)	0002-9114
ISSN (online)	1939-828X
Scope	Archaeology