How to format your references using the Algorithms citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Algorithms. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sherwood, S. Climate Science: The Sun and the Rain. Nature 2015, 528, 200–201.

A journal article with 2 authors

Abbott, A.; Schiermeier, Q. Deep Roots of Nazi Science Revealed. Nature 2000, 407, 823–824.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schmauss, C.; Lee-McDermott, Z.; Medina, L.R. Trans-Generational Effects of Early Life Stress: The Role of Maternal Behavior. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 4873.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Valovka, T.; Schönfeld, M.; Raffeiner, P.; Breuker, K.; Dunzendorfer-Matt, T.; Hartl, M.; Bister, K. Transcriptional Control of DNA Replication Licensing by Myc. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 3444.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zaragoza Dörwald, F. Side Reactions in Organic Synthesis; Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinheim, FRG, 2004; ISBN 9783527604265.

An edited book

Rothschild, B.M. Herpetological Osteopathology: Annotated Bibliography of Amphibians and Reptiles; Schultze, H.-P., Pellegrini, R., Eds.; Springer: New York, NY, 2012; ISBN 9781461408239.

A chapter in an edited book

Yang, J.; Liu, H. Nanocomposites Consisting of Silver Sulfide and Noble Metals. In Metal-Based Composite Nanomaterials; Liu, H., Ed.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; pp. 93–113 ISBN 9783319122199.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Algorithms.

Blog post

Andrew, E. LightSail Has Disintegrated in Our Atmosphere Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/lightsail-has-returned-earth/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Teen Driver Safety: Additional Research Could Help States Strengthen Graduated Driver Licensing Systems; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2010;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Evans, B. An Integrated Program for Homeless Adults with Co-Occurring Mental and Subtance Use Disorders: A Grant Proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. The Mets Blow a Lead, but a Hunch Pays Off. New York Times 2016, B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Algorithms
Abbreviation	Algorithms
ISSN (online)	1999-4893
Scope	Computational Theory and Mathematics Computational Mathematics Numerical Analysis Theoretical Computer Science