How to format your references using the Alcohol and Alcoholism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Alcohol and Alcoholism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Siegel JM. (2001) The REM sleep-memory consolidation hypothesis. Science 294: 1058–1063.

A journal article with 2 authors

Marti K, Kerridge J. (2010) Planetary science. Nitrogen in the solar system. Science 328: 1112–1113.

A journal article with 3 authors

Thürmer K, Williams E, Reutt-Robey J. (2002) Autocatalytic oxidation of lead crystallite surfaces. Science 297: 2033–2035.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Farroni T, Chiarelli AM, Lloyd-Fox S, et al. (2013) Infant cortex responds to other humans from shortly after birth. Sci Rep 3: 2851.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hallberg MC. (2008) Economic Trends in U.S. Agriculture and Food Systems Since World War II. In. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University Press.

An edited book

Novales A. (2014) Economic Growth: Theory and Numerical Solution Methods. In2nd ed. 2014. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Uchihashi T, Kodera N, Ando T. (2013) Nanovisualization of Proteins in Action Using High-Speed AFM. In A.F. Oberhauser (ed), Single-molecule Studies of Proteins, pp. 119–147. New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Alcohol and Alcoholism.

Blog post

Luntz S. (2016) Supernova Traces Are Showering Earth, Suggesting Multiple Explosions Nearby. IFLScience. IFLScience. Https://www.iflscience.com/space/supernova-traces-are-showering-earth-suggesting-multiple-explosions-nearby/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1988) Aircraft Noise: Implementation of FAA’s Expanded East Coast Plan. In. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Beahm AC. (2009) The political ecology of tourism development in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Nagourney A. (2014) ‘Everyone Has a Game Plan Until You Punch them in the Mouth’. New York Times MM20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Siegel, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Siegel, 2001; Marti and Kerridge, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Marti and Kerridge, 2010)
Three authors: (Thürmer, Williams, and Reutt-Robey, 2002)
4 or more authors: (Farroni et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Alcohol and Alcoholism
ISSN (print)	0735-0414
ISSN (online)	1464-3502
Scope