How to format your references using the Alcohol and Alcoholism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Alcohol and Alcoholism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Eisenstein M. (2015) Big data: The power of petabytes. Nature 527: S2-4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhuo S, Ni M. (2014) Label-free and real-time imaging of dehydration-induced DNA conformational changes in cellular nucleus using second harmonic microscopy. Sci Rep 4: 7416.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang X, Rickert M, Garcia KC. (2005) Structure of the quaternary complex of interleukin-2 with its alpha, beta, and gammac receptors. Science 310: 1159–1163.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Alard O, Griffin WL, Lorand JP, Jackson SE, O’Reilly SY. (2000) Non-chondritic distribution of the highly siderophile elements in mantle sulphides. Nature 407: 891–894.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Diels J-C, Arissian L. (2011) Lasers. In. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Wang T, Zhang Y, Yu H, Wang F (eds). (2012) Advanced Manufacturing Technology in China: A Roadmap to 2050. In. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Mitra A, Zaman S. (2015) Blue Carbon in Floral Community. In S. Zaman (ed), Blue Carbon Reservoir of the Blue Planet, pp. 113–141. New Delhi: Springer India.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Alcohol and Alcoholism.

Blog post

Fang J. (2015) Scorpions Break Off Their Tail (With Anus) to Escape Predators. IFLScience. IFLScience. Https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scorpions-break-their-tail-anus-escape-predators/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013) Environmental Satellites: Focused Attention Needed to Improve Mitigation Strategies for Satellite Coverage Gaps. In. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Caprile JA. (2016) The geochemical influence of trace element concentrations from marine sedimentary bedrock on freshwater streams in the western Transverse Mountain Ranges. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Goldstein J. (2014) The Pickpocket’s Tale. New York Times MB1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Eisenstein, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Zhuo and Ni, 2014; Eisenstein, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhuo and Ni, 2014)
Three authors: (Wang, Rickert, and Garcia, 2005)
4 or more authors: (Alard et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Alcohol and Alcoholism
ISSN (print)	0735-0414
ISSN (online)	1464-3502
Scope