How to format your references using the African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteDownload the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
Collins, Mark O. 2009. “Cell Biology. Evolving Cell Signals.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 325 (5948): 1635–1636.
A journal article with 2 authors
Gillette, Martha U., and Terrence J. Sejnowski. 2005. “Physiology. Biological Clocks Coordinately Keep Life on Time.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5738): 1196–1198.
A journal article with 3 authors
Holt, Ben F., 3rd, Youssef Belkhadir, and Jeffery L. Dangl. 2005. “Antagonistic Control of Disease Resistance Protein Stability in the Plant Immune System.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 309 (5736): 929–932.
A journal article with 11 or more authors
Aynajian, P., T. Keller, L. Boeri, S. M. Shapiro, K. Habicht, and B. Keimer. 2008. “Energy Gaps and Kohn Anomalies in Elemental Superconductors.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 319 (5869): 1509–1512.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
Fabozzi, Frank J. 2009. Institutional Investment Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An edited book
Ziemann, Olaf. 2008. POF Handbook: Optical Short Range Transmission Systems. Edited by Jürgen Krauser, Peter E. Zamzow, and Werner Daum. Second edition. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
A chapter in an edited book
Wiederhold, Brenda K., and Stéphane Bouchard. 2014. “Arachnophobia and Fear of Other Insects: Efficacy and Lessons Learned from Treatment Process.” In Advances in Virtual Reality and Anxiety Disorders, edited by Stéphane Bouchard, 91–117. Boston, MA: Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal.

Blog post
Andrew, Danielle. 2016. “Expiration Dates Are Bogus — Here’s The Best Way To Tell If A Food’s Gone Bad.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/expiration-dates-are-bogus-heres-the-best-way-to-tell-if-a-foods-gone-bad/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
Government Accountability Office. 1997. EPA: New Motor Vehicles and New Motor Vehicle Engines Air Pollution Control--Voluntary Standards for Light-Duty Vehicles. OGC-97-45. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
Pulukkunat, Dileep. 2008. “Biochemical Studies on Archaeal Ribonuclease P Reveal Thematic Convergence in Protein-Facilitated RNA Catalysis.” Doctoral dissertation, Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
Williams, John. 2017. “Looking at, and Beyond, a Lifetime of Anxiety.” New York Times, May 21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collins 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Collins 2009; Gillette and Sejnowski 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

  • Two authors: (Gillette and Sejnowski 2005)
  • Three authors: (Holt, Belkhadir, and Dangl 2005)
  • 4 or more authors: (Aynajian et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal titleAfrican and Black Diaspora: An International Journal
ISSN (print)1752-8631
ISSN (online)1752-864X
ScopeArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
Sociology and Political Science
Anthropology
Cultural Studies
Demography

Other styles